北美散白蚁与其他五种散白蚁兵蚁形态特征的比较  

The Comparison of Morphological Features of Reticulitermes flavipes and Other Five Reticulitermes Soldiers

作　　者：叶芸 杜丹尼 徐雪 杨晓军[3] 王琴 王振华 黄求应[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北出入境检验检疫局,武汉430050 [2]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070 [3]江苏出入境检验检疫局,南京210001

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2016年第18期4699-4701,4707,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家质检总局科技计划项目(2014IK006;2012BAK11B03)

摘　　要：本研究利用兵蚁的形态特征量度比较了北美散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)与常见黑胸散白蚁(R.chinensis)、黄胸散白蚁(R.flaviceps)、栖北散白蚁(R.speratus)、圆唇散白蚁(R.labralis)、尖唇散白蚁(R.aculabialis)的整体观、头部侧面观、头部正面观和上颚4个外部形态。结果表明,兵蚁头部、上颚、前胸背板的颜色及形状、触角节数、腹部颜色等体部特征都十分相似。将6种散白蚁兵蚁的全虫体长、头长至颚基、头长连上颚、头宽、前胸背板长、前胸背板宽、后足胫节长的量度进行比较,仅在全虫体长这一项量度上存在差异,其余部位的量度之间存在相互重叠的现象。由此表明北美散白蚁从兵蚁的形态特征与量度上很难与常见5种散白蚁进行准确区分,需通过兵蚁和有翅成虫的形态特征共同进行鉴定或通过分子生物学的方法进行鉴定。The research through comparing the 4 external morphological characteristics of soldiers in the six species of Reticulitermes flavipes、R. chinensis、R. flaviceps、R. speratus、R. labralis、R. aculabialis. The results showed that these soldiers had extremely similar physical characteristics in the color and morphology of head,mandible and pronotum,number of deutocerebral segment,shape of pronotum,color of abdomen,etc. Through measuring the body length,head to gnathobase,head to mandible,head width,length of pronotum,width of pronotum,and length of hind tibia in the 6 species soldiers of Reticulitermes,the difference was found only in the full length. Therefore,it is impossible to distinguish the R. flavipes from 5 species of Reticulitermes using soldiers＇ morphological features. It would be necesary to identify by the soldiers and winged adults of morphological features or by the methods of molecular biology.

关 键 词：北美散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes) 兵蚁 形态特征 

分 类 号：Q969.29[生物学—昆虫学] S41-30[农业科学—植物保护]