近30年济宁市雾和霾的时空分布特征及影响因子分析  

Spatio-temporal Characteristics and Impact Factors of Fog and Haze Days in Jining During Thirty Years

作　　者：李芳[1] 赵京峰[1] 张熙[1] 马丽[1] 王晓默[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省济宁市气象局,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2016年第21期5488-5491,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2015年山东省气象局青年科研基金项目(2015SDQN08)

摘　　要：利用山东省济宁市11个气象观测站点30年(1985-2014年)的雾和霾地面观测资料、风向风速、相对湿度、降水时间等资料,运用统计分析方法对济宁市雾和霾的时空分布特征及影响因子进行研究。结果表明,济宁市近30年雾日秋、冬季节多,占全年的70%左右,春、夏季节少,霾日呈明显增多的趋势;东南的丘陵地带地势较高,雾日一直较少(例如邹城);西北地区的梁山、汶上处于洼地,地势较低,雾日较多;雾和霾时间与降水时间呈负相关,且雾时间与降水时间呈明显负相关;济宁市95%的霾出现在风速小于3.0 m/s的天气情况下,一半以上出现在风力小于1级的天气情况下;霾日的年代变化和济宁市煤化工、装备制造、食品制造、能源工业四大千亿级产业占规模以上工业比例变化基本一致,这是未来关于霾防治应该注意的地方。Based on the weather data,e.g. fog and haze, average wind speed,relative humidity and precipitation days in Jining from 1985 to 2014,the spatio-temporal characteristics and impact factors of fog and haze days in recent 30 years were analyzed by statistic analysis method. The results indicated that the seasonal distribution of fog days in Jining city during the last 30 years was as follow：autumn and winter seasons were accounting for about 70% of the year,spring and summer season was less. Haze days presented a significant increasing trend. The fog days increased from southeast to northwest, the more in depression（for example,Liangshan and Wenshang）,the less in hilly（for example,Zoucheng）. There was a negative relation between precipitation days and fog/haze days,and this relation of fog days and precipitation days was obvious. When 95% of haze weather emerged in Jining city,wind speed was less than 3.0 m / s,and more than half emerged under the wind level was less than 1. The change law of haze days showed similar with the changes of proportion of coal chemical industry,equipment manufacturing,food manufacturing,energy industry in industries above a designated scale,it must be paied attention to control haze days in the future.

关 键 词：雾 霾 时空分布特征 影响因子 济宁市 

分 类 号：P426.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P427.122