呼图壁河流域水体氢氧稳定同位素特征及转化关系  

Characteristics of Water Stable Isotopes(^(18)O and ~2H)in the Hutubi River Basin,Northwestern China

作　　者：姚俊强[1,2] 刘志辉[3,4] 郭小云[3] 王月健[3] 郑江华[3] 房世峰[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]中亚大气科学研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院/绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,北京100101 [4]新疆大学干旱生态环境研究所/干旱半干旱可持续发展国际研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [5]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2016年第5期1443-1450,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201301103);国家自然科学基金项目(41201113;41605067);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC23B01);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB951001)

摘　　要：在气候变化和人类活动影响下,水资源短缺是干旱区面临的一个严峻问题。解决问题的关键是要深入了解干旱区独特的水循环机理,而分析不同水体中氢氧同位素特征及转化关系,是应用同位素示踪技术研究水循环机理的基础。以呼图壁河流域为研究区,分析了大气降水、河水、地下水和积雪融水氢氧同位素变化特征及不同水体的δD~δ18 O关系,探讨了地表水对地下水的补给关系。结果表明:呼图壁河流域大气降水、河水、地下水和积雪融水中δD、δ18 O的组成和季节变化差异较大,δD值分别为-86.25‰、-66.66‰、-69.82‰和-150.79‰,而δ18 O值依次为-12.42‰、-9.94‰、-10.23‰和-19.42‰;河水受大气降水和冰雪融水的混合补给导致同位素的贫化,积雪融水主要受蒸发的影响导致同位素的富集,而河水和积雪融水对地下水有密切的水力联系,导致地下水同位素的贫化;呼图壁河上游地区河水对地下水的补给仅占到18.45%,而中下游区域的地下水补给占到90%以上。Water resources are the most critical factors to ecology and society in arid basins,such as the Hutubi River Basin.Isotope technique was convenient to trace this process and reveal the in uence from the environment.In this paper,we try to investigate the temporal and spatial characteristics in stable isotope（18O and D）of surface water and groundwater in the Hutubi River.Through the water stable isotope composition measurement,the characteristics of deuterium（δD）and oxygen 18（δ18O）were analyzed.It is revealed that：（1）comparing the stream water line with the groundwater line and local meteorological water line of Urumqi,it is found that the contribution of precipitation to surface water in stream runoff is the main source,whereas the surface water is the main source of groundwater.Groundwater is mainly drainage of surface runoff in the river;（2）in the main stream of the Hutubi River,the spatial variability of river water showed a heavier-lighter-heavier＇change along with the main stream forδ18O,and temporal variability showed higher in summer and lower in winter;（3）theδ18O value of Precipitation,surface water;groundwater and snowmelt were-12.42‰,-9.94‰,-10.23‰ and-19.42‰,respectively.theδ2 H values of Precipitation,surface water;groundwater and snowmelt were-86.25‰,-66.66‰,-69.82‰ and-150.79‰,respectively.

关 键 词：氢氧同位素 降水 河水 泉水 积雪融水 呼图壁河 

分 类 号：O562.6[理学—原子与分子物理] P344[理学—物理]