草坪草红丝病与粉斑病病原菌生物学特性研究与杀菌剂室内毒力测定  

Biological characteristics of Laetisaria fuciformis and Limonomyces roseipellis and their responses to different fungicides

作　　者：章武[1,2] 胡美姣[3] 高兆银[3] 李敏[3] 刘国道[4] 南志标[1] 

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]岭南师范学院,广东湛江524048 [3]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101 [4]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《草业学报》2016年第12期140-149,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业农业科技专项(201303057);国家自然科学基金(31602002);广东省教育厅重点平台及科研项目--青年创新人才类项目(2015KQNCX093)资助

摘　　要：草坪草红丝病与粉斑病是发生于世界范围内可危害多个草种的重要草坪草病害。本研究对我国首次报道的红丝病和粉斑病病原菌生物学特性进行了研究并在室内测定了14种杀菌剂对该两种病原菌的毒力。研究结果表明：红丝病和粉斑病病原菌菌丝适宜生长pH为5-7,最适生长pH为6,菌丝的致死温度为50℃水浴处理10min。红丝病和粉斑病病原菌能够利用多种碳氮源,最适碳源和最适氮源分别为可溶性淀粉和L-谷氨酰胺。红丝病病原菌最适培养基为燕麦片煎液琼脂培养基（OMA）;粉斑病病原菌最适培养基为马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基（PDA）和马铃薯蔗糖琼脂培养基（PSA）。5%烯唑醇在14种供试杀菌剂中对红丝病病原菌和粉斑病病原菌毒力最高,其EC50值分别为0.113和0.282mg/L;然而,15%甲霜灵·10%霜霉威毒力最低,其EC50值分别为121.522和214.532mg/L。研究结果为深入了解病原菌的基础生物学及制定防治策略提供科学依据。Red thread and pink patch,caused by the fungi Laetisaria fuciformis and Limonomyces roseipellis,respectively,are important diseases of many turfgrass species worldwide.In this study,we analyzed the biological characteristics of these two pathogens and evaluated their responses to 14 different fungicides.The results showed that L.fuciformis and Li.roseipellis grew well at pHs ranging from 5to 7,and the optimal pH value was 6.The hyphae of both pathogens lost viability in agar plugs that were incubated at 50℃for 10 min.The optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for L.fuciformis and Li.roseipellis were soluble starch and L-glutamine,respectively.The optimal medium for L.fuciformis was oatmeal agar（OMA）and that for Li.roseipellis was potato dextrose agar（PDA）or potato sucrose agar（PSA）.Among the 14 fungicides,diniconazole had the strongest inhibitory effects on L.fuciformis and Li.roseipellis with EC50 values of 0.113mg/L and0.282mg/L,respectively.The fungicide with the weakest inhibitory effects was 15% metalaxyl·10% propamocarb,with EC50 values of 121.522 and 214.532mg/L for L.fuciformis and Li.roseipellis,respectively.The results provide a scientific basis for understanding the basic biology of these pathogens,and may be useful for the development of new management strategies.

关 键 词：红丝病 粉斑病 生物学特性 室内毒力测定 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]