“冲之鸟礁”案中的岛礁属性评析  

Attribute Analysis on the Okinotorishima Rocks Dispute

作　　者：宋佳宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学人文与法学院,天津300387

出　　处：《天津法学》2016年第4期94-98,共5页Tianjin Legal Science

摘　　要：《联合国海洋法公约》第121条"岛屿制度"中明确提出"不能维持人类居住或其本身的经济生活的岩礁,不应有专属经济区或大陆架"的观点,此观点已获得国际社会的广泛接受。2008年,日本政府向联合国大陆架界限委员会提交包括"冲之鸟礁"在内的四个外大陆架划界案,其"指礁为岛"的申请理由严重违背《公约》第121条,立即受到中韩等国的严正抗议。2016年初,日本又多次在该海域扣留中国台湾地区渔船,冲之鸟礁问题再次引发各界关注。以《国际海洋法公约》为视角,明确冲之鸟礁是岛非礁的本质属性,据此得出日本关于该岩礁可拥有专属经济区和大陆架的主张是非法的,也是损害和平、安全以及业已形成的海洋秩序的结论。According to Article 121 （3） of the UN. Convention on the Law of the Sea, rocks which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own should have no exclusive economic zone or continental shelf. This view has been widely accepted by the international community. In 2008 the Japanese government submitted four outer continental shelf delimitation cases including the Okinotorishima to the United Nations Commission on Continental SheK. The ＂reef island＂ grounds seriously violate Article 121 of the Convention, which immediately has been protested by China, South Korea and other countries. In the early of 2016, Japan has repeatedly detained fishing boats of Taiwan of China in that area, so the problem of the Okinotorishima Rocks raised public concern again. The aim of this paper is to define the nature of Okinotorishima Rocks from the perspective of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. The conclusion is that, not only the Japanese government＇s attempt to turn Okinotorishima Rocks into island is illegal, but also it could harm the whole intemational community in building up a harmonious international maritime order.

关 键 词：冲之鸟 岛礁 国际海洋法公约 大陆架 专属经济区 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]