纳米铝/氧化铜复合材料的制备及热性能  

Preparation and Thermal Properties of Nano-Al/CuO Composite

作　　者：董小虎[1,2] 胡岚[1,2] 汪营磊[1,2] 舒远杰[1,2] 严蕊[1,2] 吴敏杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]氟氮化工资源高效开发与利用国家重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [2]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2016年第6期44-48,共5页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：总装备部高能毁伤科研专项(No.004010201-1)

摘　　要：以聚乙二醇(PEG)为模板制备了纳米氧化铜。以一种高分子材料为包覆材料自组装制备了纳米铝/氧化铜(Al/CuO)复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)等对材料的结构形貌进行了表征。利用热重分析法(TG)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)对比研究了自组装法(含包覆材料)与超声共混法(不含包覆材料)制得样品的热性能。研究了不同Al与CuO摩尔比下Al/CuO复合材料的放热量。结果表明,纳米铝与CuO发生铝热反应的放热峰约为576.4℃,放热量达1 093J/g。含有包覆材料的复合材料比不含包覆材料的复合材料具有更大的放热量。在纳米铝与CuO摩尔比为1.0∶1.2时铝热反应放热量最大,可达1 093J/g。Nano-CuO was prepared using polyethylene glycol （PEG） as template. Nano-Al/CuO composite was prepared by self-assembling using a kind of polymer as coating material. The structure and morphology of the composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） , transmission electron microscopy （TEM）,energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）,X-ray diffraction （XRD） , etc. The thermal properties of samples prepared by self-assembling method （with coating materials） and ultrasonic blending method （without coating materials） were studied and compared by thermogravimetry （TG） and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. Exothermic quantity of the composite with different Al-CuO molar ratio was investigated. Results show that the exothermic peak occurring the thermite reaction of nano-Al and CuO is at about 576. 4℃ and the exothermic quantity is 1 093 J /g. The composite with coating material has a higher exothermic quantity than that without coating material. The exothermic quantity of the thermite reaction is a maximum, reaching 1 093 J/g when the molar ratio of A1 and CuO is 1. 0 ： 1. 2.

关 键 词：纳米铝热剂 纳米铝/氧化铜 热性能 聚乙二醇 超声共混法 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O614[理学—无机化学]