苯胺-对苯二胺共聚物纳米材料的合成和结构表征  

Synthesis and characterization of P-phenylenediamine-aniline copolymer nanomaterials

作　　者：侯婧莉 沈一丁[1] 王海花[1] 费贵强 胡苗苗[1] 王雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学学与化工学院,教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,西安710021

出　　处：《功能材料》2016年第12期12169-12172,共4页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21204046,51373091);陕西省教育厅重点实验室资助项目(13JS018,14JS014);教育部留学回国基金资助项目(1707)

摘　　要：采用化学氧化无模板法,以苯胺和对苯二胺为单体,盐酸为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,经氨水脱掺杂合成出聚苯胺(PANI)、聚对苯二胺(PPDA)、苯胺-对苯二胺共聚物P(ANI-PDA)纳米材料。用红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外可见分光光谱(UV)、X-衍射光谱仪(XRD)、热重分析仪(TGA)和扫描电镜(SEM)对3种聚合物的结构、结晶度、热稳定性和微观形貌进行表征分析,并测试了3种聚合物在水中的分散性。结果表明,与PANI相比,PPDA和P(ANI-PDA)中醌式结构较少,PANI的热稳定性最好;PANI的形貌为无规则的多孔颗粒团聚结构,PPDA和P(ANI-PDA)的微观形貌中出现了大量的纳米片状和棒状结构,通过XRD分析和聚合物在水中分散性测试得出P(ANI-PDA)的结晶度最高,在水中的分散性最好,说明纳米片状结构有利于提高聚合物的结晶度和在水中的分散性。Polyaniline （PANI）,Poly （p-phenylenediamine）（PPDA）,P-phenylenediamine-aniline copolymer P （ANI-PDA）nanomaterials were synthesized in hydrochloric acid by chemical oxidation method using aniline,p-phenylenediamine as monomers,ammonium persulfate as oxidant and ammonia as de-dopant.The structure, crystallinity,thermal ability and morphology were characterized by FT-IR,XRD,UV,TGA and SEM.The dispensability was tested in aqueous water.The results showed that the quinoid structure in PPDA and P（ANI-PDA）was reduced compared with PANI.P-phenylenediamine-aniline copolymer exhibited the highest crystal-linity and dispensability in aqueous water.polyaniline exhibited the best thermal stability.PANI displayed irreg-ular porous particle agglomeration structure,whereas nanosheet structure was detected in the morphology of PPDA and P（ANI-PDA）and which can increase the crystallinity and dispensability of polymers.

关 键 词：聚苯胺 聚对苯二胺 苯胺-对苯二胺共聚物 无模板法 纳米结构 

分 类 号：TQ630[化学工程—精细化工]