豆娘幼虫对泥鳅幼体的捕食效应  

Study on predatory effect of Ischnura heterosticta larvae on Misgurnus anguillicaudatus larvae

作　　者：王小军 储张杰 Babacar Diakhate 黄涛 唐舟凯 何竺柳 鲍华江 赵波 高阳 胡秀峰 贾兴鲁 

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]舟山台岛鳅业有限公司,浙江舟山316013

出　　处：《水产学报》2016年第12期1866-1873,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家星火计划项目(2014GA700123)~~

摘　　要：为获知豆娘幼虫捕食对泥鳅幼体培育存活率的影响,采用捕食者与猎物间捕食效应的研究方法,研究了豆娘幼虫对泥鳅幼体的捕食作用。结果显示:1豆娘幼虫对泥鳅幼体的捕食功能反应属于Holling-Ⅱ型。豆娘幼虫对泥鳅幼体的瞬间攻击力a′、日最大捕食量1/Th随泥鳅幼体日龄的增加而降低,捕食量随着猎物密度的增加而增加;2豆娘幼虫规格不同对泥鳅幼体捕食效应存在显著差异,体长为(16.32±0.24)、(13.18±0.32)、(9.86±0.28)和(5.82±0.36)mm的4种规格豆娘幼虫对3日龄泥鳅幼体的瞬间攻击力和日最大捕食量分别为0.8349、0.5724、0.2002、0.0432和27.39、18.99、9.49、3.14条;3随着豆娘幼虫密度的增加,个体之间相互干扰,致使单个豆娘幼虫寻找猎物的时间减少,种内竞争条件下的捕食作用率(E)与自身密度(P)的函数关系式为;4随着泥鳅幼体和豆娘幼虫密度的增加,干扰作用明显增大,捕食作用率E下降,但对其捕食量影响不大,种间相互干扰反应模型为。研究表明,豆娘幼虫能大量捕食泥鳅幼体,是影响泥鳅幼体培育存活率的重要敌害生物。To investigate the influence of the predator,Ischnura heterosticta larvae on survival rate of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus larvae,we studied the predatory effect of I. heterosticta larvae on M. anguillicaudatus larva based on the predator-prey relationship theory. Results of experiments showed that： the predation functional response of I. heterosticta larvae to M. anguillicaudatus larvae belonged to type Holling-II. With the increase in daily age of M. anguillicaudatus larvae,the moment attack（a′） and the largest preying amount per day（1/Th） declined. The preying amount increased as prey density increased. The predatory function of different sizes of I. heterosticta larva to M. anguillicaudatus larva had significant differences. For I. heterosticta larvae with different body lengths（16.3±0.2）,（13.1±0.3）,（9.8±0.2） and（5.8±0.3） mm to 3-day-age larvae of M. anguillicaudatus,the moment attack and the largest preying amount per day were 0.8349,0.5724,0.2002,0.0432,and 27.39,18.99,9.49,3.14,respectively. With the density of I. heterosticta larvae increased,the mutual interference between the individuals led to reduction in the time of a single I. heterosticta larva looking for prey. Under intraspecific competition,E = 0：1403￡P ？0：2361predatory effect rate（E） as a function of density（P） was. With the increase of M.anguillicaudatus larvae and I. heterosticta larvae density,interference effect increases obviously,predatory efficiency rate（E） drops,but had little impact on preying amount,and the model of interspecific interference was Na =0：78411￡P ？0：1560￡N＋0：0305￡N. The results demonstrated that I. heterosticta larva is important predator,which can remarkably reduce the survival rate of M. anguillicaudatus larvae.

关 键 词：豆娘 泥鳅 幼体 捕食效应 

分 类 号：S943[农业科学—水产养殖] S966.4[农业科学—水产科学]