养殖密度对罗氏沼虾生长、性别分化与性腺发育的影响  

Effects of stocking density on growth,sexual differentiation and gonad development of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

作　　者：戴习林[1] 周梦颖[1] 鞠波[1] 过正乾[1] 蒋飞[1] 苏建[1] 丁福江 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]上海申漕特种水产开发公司,上海201516

出　　处：《水产学报》2016年第12期1874-1882,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：上海市科委重点攻关项目(11391901400);上海市现代农业产业技术体系建设项目[沪农科产字(2014)第5号];上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目(J50701)~~

摘　　要：通过比较4个养殖密度(7.50×104、12.75×104、42.00×104、97.50×104尾/hm^2)条件下罗氏沼虾的生长、存活、性别分化、性腺发育等指标,研究养殖密度对罗氏沼虾生长、性别分化和早期性腺发育的影响。结果显示,在实验密度范围内,养殖密度显著影响罗氏沼虾的生长、规格整齐度、性别分化与性腺发育,随着实验时间延长,密度对生长的抑制效应越明显;7.50×104尾/hm^2组罗氏沼虾体质量增速加速度与97.50×104尾/hm^2组的倍数由养殖10 d时的2.3上升到80 d时的3.4;低密度组罗氏沼虾性别分化与性腺发育比高密度组早约10 d,但规格显著大于高密度组;7.50×104尾/hm^2组雌虾初始平均体长(4.158±0.592)cm比97.50×104尾/hm^2组大1.09 cm;养殖密度对性别比没有影响,但对雌虾成活率影响较大。研究表明,养殖密度显著影响罗氏沼虾生长和性腺发育,合适的养殖密度是预防罗氏沼虾性早熟的有效措施。The effects of stocking density on growth,sex differentiation and early gonadal development of M.rosenbergii were analyzed by the indexes（such as growth,survive,sex differentiation and gonadal development）at four stocking densities（7.50×104,12.75×104,42.00×104 and 97.50×104 ind/hm^2）. The result showed that： at the stocking densities from 7.50×104 to 97.50×104 ind/hm^2,the growth,specification uniformity,sex differentiation and gonadal development of M. rosenbergii were significantly influenced by stocking density. With the time prolonged,the greater growth inhibitory effects from stocking density appeared. The ratio of body weight gain acceleration of M. rosenbergii in groups of 7.50×104 ind/hm^2 to 97.50×104 ind/hm^2 increased from 2.3 at 10 d to3.4 at 80 d; the sex differentiation and gonadal development time of low stocking density groups is about 10 d earlier than that of the high stocking density group,but the sex differentiation and gonadal development specification of low stocking densities is greater than that of the high stocking densities. The initial average body length of female M. rosenbergii in group of 7.50×104 ind/hm^2（4.158±0.592） cm is 1.09 cm longer than that in group of 97.50×104 ind/hm^2; sex ratio was not influenced by stocking density,but the survival rate of female M.rosenbergii was significantly influenced. The external morphology scale and age were delayed by the influence of stocking density. The result showed that the growth and gonadal development were significantly influenced by stocking densities. Suitable stocking density is an effective measure to prevent the precocity of M. rosenbergii.These results may provide a basis for the breeding production and genetic breeding of M. rosenbergii.

关 键 词：罗氏沼虾 养殖密度 性别分化 性腺发育 

分 类 号：S968.2[农业科学—水产养殖]