新疆野果林褐腐病菌的种类  

Brown rot pathogens on stone and pome fruit trees in Xinjiang wild forest

作　　者：牛程旺[1] 王静茹[1] 朱小琼[1] 陈笑瑜 国立耘[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物病理学系,北京100193 [2]北京市植物保护站,北京100029

出　　处：《菌物学报》2016年第12期1514-1525,共12页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31201469);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS‐28);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2015NX005)~~

摘　　要：褐腐病是核果和仁果类果树上的一种重要病害。本研究从采集自新疆野果林中的褐腐病样上共分离到75株褐腐菌。利用内转录间隔区(ITS)、β‐微管蛋白基因和延伸因子(EF1α)基因序列和形态学方法,对这些菌株进行了种类鉴定。结果显示:67株为Monilinia fructigena,8株为M.laxa。M.fructigena和M.laxa都分布在新疆北部的天然野果林中。M.fructigena主要来自野苹果、樱桃李、野杏和欧洲李。M.laxa主要来自樱桃李、野苹果和红樱桃。这是首次在新疆地区的野生果林中发现M.fructigena和M.laxa。研究结果不仅对了解当地栽培果园的侵染源有帮助,而且为研究褐腐菌的起源与演化提供了试验材料。Brown rot is an important disease of stone and pome fruit trees. In total, 75 isolates were obtained from the diseased sample collected from wild stone and pome fruit trees in wild forest of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. These isolates were identified base on the morphological characteristics and the phylogenetic analysis of combined sequences including fragment of the internal transcribed spacer（ITS）, β‐tubulin and elongation factor（EF1α）. The results showed that 67 isolates were identified as Monilinia fructigena whereas eight were identified as M. laxa. Both species were distributed in forest of wild pome and stone fruit trees located in north of Xinjiang. M. fructigena was found on fruits of Malus sieversii, Prunus cerasifera, P. armeniaca and P. domestica, while M. laxa was found on fruits of P. cerasifera, M. sieversii and P. pseudocerasus. This is the first report of M. fructigena and M. laxa on wild fruit trees of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The results not only provide a valuable information of the primary inoculum source of brown rot pathogens for cultivated fruit trees in this region, and also provide the research materials for studying evolution of the brown rot pathogens.

关 键 词：链核盘菌属 系统发育树 致病性 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]