交通系统中的均衡与非均衡问题  

Equilibrium and Disequilibrium Problems in Traffic System

作　　者：黄中祥[1] 方文彬[1] 吴立烜[1] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《系统工程》2016年第9期113-119,共7页Systems Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51338002)

摘　　要：针对交通系统研究中出现的均衡与非均衡问题,系统介绍非均衡交通流理论、非均衡网络交通流模式、非均衡网络设计和非均衡交通供求关系。分类综述上述非均衡问题的研究动态和应用情况,并加以评述。虽然各种非均衡问题的研究内容不同,研究方法各异,但将其放在出行市场中加以分析,发现各种非均衡研究之间存在着密切的联系。非均衡交通流理论研究的是出行市场交易表现形式的特性;非均衡交通流模式研究的是出行市场价格的波动过程,非均衡网络设计则力求使这种价格波动引起的社会成本最小,上述非均衡变化的根源在于出行市场交通供求关系的变化。Aimed at equilibrium and disequilibrium problems in traffic system, this paper focuses on the disequilibrium traffic flow theory, disequilibrium traffic flow mode, disequilibrium traffic network design and disequilibrium relationship between traffic demand and supply. It summarizes these non-equilibrium research dynamics and their applications respectively and also reviewed these research dynamics. Although the contents and methods are varied in different disequilibrium problems, the close relationship between them is found out based on travel market.The research purpose of disequilibrium traffic flow theory is the characteristic of trading manifestations in travel market; disequilibrium traffic flow mode is to study the fluctuation process of the price in travel market, while disequilibrium traffic network design aims at the smallest social costs caused by price fluctuations. The root of these disequilibrium changes lies in changes of traffic demand and supply in travel market.

关 键 词：交通工程 交通系统研究 非均衡 交通流 交通网络 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]