干旱胁迫下叶面喷施褪黑素对滁菊幼苗生理生化特性的影响  

Effects of Foliar Spraying Exogenous Melatonin on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Dendranthema morifolium‘Chuju'Seedlings under Drought Stress

作　　者：吴燕[1] 连洪燕[1] 牟雪姣[1] 王雪娟[1] 张远兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院建筑学院,安徽凤阳233100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第11期2241-2246,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：安徽科技学院校级重点学科项目(AKZDXK2015B01);安徽科技学院自然科学重点项目(ZRC2013368);国家星火计划项目(2013GA710076)

摘　　要：以滁菊品种"金玉"幼苗为材料,通过日光温室内盆栽实验,在中度干旱胁迫条件下(土壤田间持水量的40%),研究叶面喷施外源褪黑素(MT,100μmol·L-1)对滁菊幼苗生长及生理生化特性的影响,探讨提高滁菊耐干旱性的新途径。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,干旱胁迫处理降低了滁菊叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率和水分利用效率,提高了可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量,而叶片MDA含量和相对电导率显著增加,显著抑制了滁菊幼苗的生长。(2)在干旱胁迫条件下,外源MT可显著提高滁菊幼苗叶片脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖的含量,并显著降低了叶片相对电导率和MDA含量,使幼苗保持较高叶绿素含量和净光合速率。(3)与干旱胁迫处理相比,外源MT处理的滁菊地上部和根系干重、鲜重均显著增加。研究发现,外源褪黑素(MT)在一定程度上可通过促进滁菊幼苗渗透调节物质的积累,有效降低干旱胁迫对其细胞膜的伤害,维持其正常的细胞膜功能,保持其较高的光合速率和水分利用效率,从而增加其对干旱环境的适应性。In the condition of potting planting in greenhouse, the effects of foliar spraying exogenous melatonin （MT,100 μmol·L^-1） on the growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Dendranthema morifolium ‘Jinyu Chuju’ seedlings under moderate drought stress（40% of soil field capacity）, to explore the new pathway to improve the drought resistance of D. morifolium. The results showed that： （1） the drought stress could decrease the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency, increase the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline, but obviously increase MDA content and relative conductivity, and significantly inhibit the growth of D. morifolium ‘Chuju’ seedlings. （2） Exogenous MT could significantly alleviate the cell membrane damage by improving the proline, soluble protein and soluble sugar contents, perform the lower contents of relative conductivity and MDA, and keep the higher chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate, in the leave of D. morifolium ‘Chuju’ seedlings under drought stress. （3） Comparing with the drought stress treatment, the shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight of exogenous MT treatment were all significantly increased. The study found that exogenous MT can effectively reduce the damage of drought stress on the cell membrane, maintain the normal function of leaf cell membrane, and keep the higher net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency, by promoting osmotic adjustment substances, and thereby improve the adaptability of D. morifolium ‘Chuju’ seedlings under drought stress.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 褪黑素 滁菊 光合速率 渗透调节 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]