横置差速轴流脱分选系统设计与试验  

Design and Experiment on Axial-flow Differential-speed Threshing-Separating-Cleaning Unit

作　　者：王志明[1,2] 吕彭民[1] 陈霓[2] 李骅[3] 刘正怀[2] 陈德俊[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学工程机械学院,西安710064 [2]金华职业技术学院机电工程学院,金华321017 [3]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2016年第12期53-61,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51305182);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y1110647);浙江省公益性技术应用研究项目(2013C32027;2017C32097)

摘　　要：针对横置轴流滚筒长度受限和脱出物在清选筛入口一角堆积严重的问题,设计了以同轴差速脱粒滚筒、圆锥形清选风机、双层振动筛和螺旋板齿式复脱器为主要工作部件的横置差速轴流式脱分选系统。为了提升横置差速轴流脱分选系统工作性能,设计了喂入量为2 kg/s的试验台,采用二次正交旋转组合设计法进行工作性能试验,考察差速滚筒转速组合、圆锥形风机叶片锥度、差速滚筒高低速段长度配比3个因素对损失率、破碎率、含杂率和脱粒功耗4个性能指标的影响。建立了损失率、破碎率、含杂率、脱粒功耗的回归数学模型,利用Matlab优化工具箱对回归数学模型进行了多目标优化计算。结果表明:影响横置差速轴流脱分选系统损失率、含杂率的3个因素主次顺序依次为差速滚筒转速组合、圆锥形风机叶片锥度、差速滚筒高低速段长度配比;影响横置差速轴流脱分选系统破碎率、脱粒功耗的3个因素主次顺序依次为差速滚筒转速组合、差速滚筒高低速段长度配比、圆锥形风机叶片锥度;最优参数组合为:差速滚筒转速组合750、850 r/min,风机叶片锥度3.8°,高速段比例30%;对应工作性能指标为:损失率1.57%、破碎率0.71%、含杂率0.38%,脱粒功耗6.67 k W/kg。田间试验结果表明,横置差速轴流脱分选系统工作性能指标优于行业标准。In order to solve the problem of poor threshing ability because of the transverse space limitation and grain mound in the entrance of longitudinal cleaning sieve of axial flow threshing - separating - cleaning unit in combine harvest, a new type axlal-flow differential-speed threshing- separating- cleaning unit was designed, which consisted of coaxial differential-speed threshing cylinder, conical centrifugal fan, double-layer vibration sieve and rethreshing system with helical plate toot. The test-bed at feed rate of 2 kg/s for rice was developed, the optimal structural parameters and operation parameters were explored by quadratics rotary orthogonal combination design experiment. The mathematical models of loss rate, crushing＂ rate, impurity rate and power consumption were established by means of regression analysis. The influences of rotary speed combination of differential-speed roller, blade taper of conical centrifugal fan and length ratio of differential-speed cylinder on loss rate, crushing rate, impurity rate and power consumption had been analyzed, and multi-objective optimization based on Matlab optimum toolbox was applied. The results indicated that the sequences of factors influencing the threshing and cleaning performance about loss rate and impurity rate were rotary speed combination of differential-speed roller, blade taper of conical centrifugal fan, length ratio of differential-speed cylinder, and the sequences of factors influencing crushing rate and power consumption were rotary speed combination of differential- speed roller, length ratio of differential-speed cylinder and blade taper of conical centrifugal fan. The values of optimum scheme were 750 r/min and 850 r/min, 3.8~, 30%, respectively. The loss rate was 1.57%, broken rate was 0.71% and impurity rate was 0.38%. The total threshing power consumption was 6. 67 kW/kg, and the low speed threshing cylinder and high speed threshing cylinder accounted for about 59.3% and 40.7% of total threshing power consumption, respectively. The results

关 键 词：联合收获机 差速脱粒 脱分选系统 性能试验 回归数学模型 

分 类 号：S225.31[农业科学—农业机械化工程]