2014年江西省渝水区和宁都县饮水型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析  

An analysis of surveillance outcomes of water-borne endemic fluorosis in Yushui district and Ningdu County of Jiangxi Province in 2014

作　　者：胥四新 孙曼[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省血液中心行政办公室,南昌330000 [2]南昌大学第一附属医院神经内科,南昌330000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2016年第12期880-882,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解江西省饮水型渝水区和宁都县地方性氟中毒的防治现状，为评价和完善防治策略提供科学依据。方法按照《国家饮水型地方性氟中毒监测方案》的要求，在江西省渝水区和宁都县各选取3个病区村，调查病区村改水工程运行情况。检测病区村水氟含量，8～12岁儿童氟斑牙、成人氟骨症检出情况及成人尿氟含量。水氟检测采用生活饮用水标准检验方法，尿氟含量检测采用氟离子电极法，氟斑牙检测采用Dean法，氟骨症采用《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》进行诊断。结果已改水且正常使用的病区村水氟含量均〈1．00mg／L；已改水但未正常使用的病区村水氟含量均值为1．76mg／L；8-12岁儿童检出氟斑牙22例，氟斑牙检出率为12．50％（22／176）。对294名成人进行X线检查，共检出氟骨症3人，氟骨症检出率为1．02％。共检测成人尿样294份，尿氟几何均数为1．10mg／L，范围为0．28—7．74mg／L。结论江西省饮水氟中毒病情已得到有效控制，病情监测和改水工程后期维护是今后防治工作的重点。Objectives To understand the control and prevention status of water-borne endemic fluorosis in Jiangxi Province, in order to provide a scientific basis for evaluate and perfect the strategies in control and prevention of the disease. Methods According to monitoring project of national water-borne endemic fluorosis, three villages were chosen to investigate the status and the fluoride content of fluorosis villages with water-improving and defluoridation projects in Yushui district and Ningdu county of Jiangxi Province. Investigation consisted of the status of dental fluorosis of children aged from 8 to 12 years and adult skeletal fluorosis, as well as fluoride content of drinking water and urinary fluorine. The standard detection methods of domestic drinking water was used for water fluoride content detection, fluoride selective electrode was chosen for urinary fluorine detection, Dean detection method was used to determine dental fluorosis, and diagnostic criteria of endemic skeletal fluorosis was chosen for diagnose of skeletal fluorosis. Results In fluorosis villages with water-improving and defluoridation projects which operated normally, the fluoride content of drinking water was lower than 1.00 mg/L. In fluorosis villages with water- improving and defluoridation projects which never operated normally, the average fluoride content of drinking water was 1.76 mg/L. The detection rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 years was 12.50% （22/176）. A total of 294 adults were examined by X-ray, 3 adults were diagnosed as skeletal fluorosis, and the detection rate was 1.02%. A total of 294 adult urine samples were tested. The urinary fluoride content varied from 0.28 to 7.74 mg/L, and the geometric mean was 1.10 mg/L. Conclusions The illness condition of water-borne endemic fluorosis has been under control effectively. The maintenance of water-improving and defluoridation projects and surveillance were main tasks in control and prevention of the disease in the future.

关 键 词：地方性氟中毒 饮水 监测 氟中毒 牙 氟骨症 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]