2010—2013年青海省饮水型地方性砷中毒监测结果分析  被引量:2

An analysis of monitoring results of drinking water type endemic arsenic poisoning in Qinghai Province from 2010 to 2013

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作  者:李生梅[1] 姜泓[1] 何多龙[1] 孟献亚[1] 吴海坤[1] 喇翠玲[1] 杨佩珍[1] 赵志军[1] 李强[1] 魏生英[1] 鲁青[1] 李亚楠[1] 

机构地区:[1]青海省地方病预防控制所地方病预防控制科,西宁811602

出  处:《中华地方病学杂志》2016年第12期888-891,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基  金:青海省科技项目(2016-SF-129)

摘  要:目的动态观测青海省饮水型地方性砷中毒(简称地砷病)病情变化趋势,综合评价防治措施落实效果,为及时调整防治措施提供科学依据。方法2010—2013年,按照《饮水型地方性砷中毒监测方案》要求,以青海省2个县的3个村作为监测点,测定居民家中饮用水砷含量;调查全部监测村改水工程运行情况.同时对常住人口进行地砷病病情调查,并检测尿砷含量。水砷、尿砷含量检测采用氢化物原子荧光光度法,砷中毒诊断依照《地方性砷中毒诊断标准)(WS/T211-2001)。结果共监测3个改水工程,其中2个水砷超标,1个间歇运转。2010—2013年,保宁村地砷病检出率分别为27.30%(193/707)、31.90%(245/768)、29.35%(221/753)、28.22%(219/776);克才村分别为32.62%(107/328)、34.83%(124/356)、31-26%(131/419)、29.35%(118/402);麻尼磨台村分别为56.58%(43/76)、52.81%(47/89)、45.10%(46/102)、34.69%(34/98);3个监测村4年中地砷病检出率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.09、0.04、0.92,P均〉0.05)。2010—2013年,女性地砷病检出率分别为36.45%(203/557)、40.59%(246/606)、36.12%(225/623)、34.77%(218/627):男性分别为25.27%(140/554)、28.01%(170/607)、26.57%(173/651)、23.57%(153/649);女性地砷病检出率高于男性(χ2=16.25、21.32、13.49、19.38,P均〈0.05)。〈60岁人群的地砷病检出率有随年龄增长而增加的趋势;2012、2013年,分别检测尿样105、93份,尿砷几何均值分别为0.113、0.149mg/L。结论改水工程运行情况及水质质量不容乐观,地砷病检出率居高不下,应尽快建立健全长效的监测机制,加强改水工程的管理和维护,防治监测工作仍然不能松懈。Objective To observe the illness change trend of drinking water type endemic arsenic poisoning in Qinghai Province, comprehensively evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures, in order to provide a scientific basis for timely adjustment of the prevention and control measures. Methods From 2010 to 2013, according to the "Drinking Water Type Endemic Arsenic Poisoning Monitoring Programs", 3 villages in 2 counties within Qinghai Province were randomly selected as monitoring sites. The arsenic content in drinking water of residents was measured, water improvement projects in all monitoring villages were investigated; at the same time an investigation of arsenic disease in resident population was conducted, and urinary arsenic content was monitored. Arsenic in drinking water and urine was determined by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and arsenic poisoning was diagnosed using "Endemic Arsenic Poisoning Diagnostic Criteria" (WS/T 211-2001). Results Of the three water improvement projects, two were water arsenic exceeded the standard, and one was intermittently operated. From 2010 to 2013, the arsenic poisoning detection rate in Baoning Village was 27.30% (193/707), 31.90% (245/768), 29.35% (221/753) and 28.22% (219/776); in Kecai Village was 32.62% (107/328), 34.83% (124/356), 31.26% (131/419) and 29.35% (118/402); and in Manimotai Village was 56.58% (43/76), 52.81% (47/89), 45.10% (46/102) and 34.69% (34/98), there was no significant difference statistically of the arsenic poisoning detection rates in the three monitored villages in the 4 years (χ2 = 3.09, 0.04, 0.92, all P 〉 0.05). From 2010 to 2013, women arsenic poisoning detection rate was 36.45% (203/557), 40.59% (246/606), 36.12% (225/623) and 34.77% (218/627), respectively; men was 25.27% (140/554), 28.01% (170/607), 26.57% (173/651) and 23.57% (153/649), respectively; women arsenic poisoning detection rates were higher than those o

关 键 词:砷中毒 人群监测 饮水 尿 

分 类 号:R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]

 

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