岩石水力压裂微观破裂机制  

Microscopic mechanism of the fracture in the rock caused by hydraulic fracturing process

作　　者：杜书恒 赵晔[1,2] 庞姗[1,2] 师永民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学石油与天然气研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2016年第12期2237-2245,共9页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发"(编号:2016ZX05013005-009)资助

摘　　要：基于岩石水力压裂微观破裂机制尚未被厘清的实际,以线弹性破裂理论为基础,以网格化定量模拟为手段,通过构建储层微观结构简化模型,对水力压裂缝延伸的微观过程开展模拟。依据模拟结果,对微观破裂次序、位置展开深入剖析,提出水力压裂的两种微观破裂模式,分别为沿孔喉突破的"结构破裂"和沿晶体薄弱面延伸的"本体破裂"。其中,"结构破裂"为主要破裂方式,"本体破裂"有利于增加新的渗流通道,对于提高采收率意义重大。Since the microscopic mechanism of the fracture caused by hydraulic fracturing process has not been explained well,according to the linear elastic fracture theory and the gridding quantitative simulation method,through building up the simplified structure model of microscopic reservoir,simulation on microscopic laws of reservoir rocks fracture has been performed.Based on the simulation results,the micro fracture＇s sequence and position have been analyzed.Two dominating modes of microscopic reservoir fracture during the hydraulic fracturing process were come up with,that is the＂structure broken＂which is breakthrough along the pore throats and the＂body broken＂which is fractured in the mineral materials.Between them the＂structure broken＂plays the most important role,and the ＂body broken＂ could increase the seepage channel which will play a significant role on enhancing oil recovery.

关 键 词：孔喉结构 水力压裂 微观破裂 破裂模式 

分 类 号：TE357.1[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]