中国南方地区女性骨盆分型及临床意义  

Clinic value of female pelvic shape in South of China

作　　者：刘萍[1] 王月祉 陈春林[1] 陈兰[1] 周建伟[2] 王建平[2] 廖科丹[1] 唐连 唐雷[3] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学南方医院妇产科 [2]南方医科大学南方医院影像科 [3]南方医科大学解剖学教研室,广州510515

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2016年第6期635-638,642,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81370736;81571422);国家自然科学基金重大项目(61190120;61190122)

摘　　要：目的 分析近30年中国南方地区女性骨盆入口形状特点及其变化趋势,探讨其对临床的指导意义。方法 收集844例行盆腔CT检查的汉族女性患者影像数据集,重建骨盆数字化三维模型并测量骨盆入口横径和入口前后径,以判断其入口形态并分类。将患者按年龄分为3组,第1组20-40岁,第2组41-50岁之间,第3组大于50岁,比较3组间骨盆入口形状大小及其与年龄的关系。结果 ⑴844例女性骨盆入口形态分类,不同年龄组骨盆入口形态分布有显著差异（P〈0.001）;⑵不同年龄组间骨盆入口横径、入口前后径差异有统计学意义;⑶入口前后径与年龄呈负相关（r=-0.292,P〈0.001）;⑷不同年龄组骨盆入口面积3组间差异亦有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论 近30年中国南方女性骨盆入口形状分布中,骨盆入口横椭圆形逐渐减少,纵椭圆形逐渐增多。同时,骨盆入口面积逐渐增大,其变化趋势有利于经阴道分娩时胎头的衔接。Objective To analyze the current situation of the shape and size of female pelvic inlet in South China and to explore its trends. Methods 844 images and clinical data of female patients with gynecological diseases who underwent CT scan in Nanfang Hospital were collected and 3D model of pelvis was reconstructed for measurement ofthe transverse and anteroposterior diameter, and then judgement of the shape of their inlet. Those patient were divided into 3 groups according to the age. Patients was an ageunder 40 years was assigned into the first group, between 41 to 50 years assigned into the second group, over 50 years assigned into the third groups. The shape and size of pelvic inlet in the three groups were explored, and the relationship between age and the shape and size of pelvic inlet was also explored. Result （1）The morphologic classification of 844 female pelvic inlets among 3 groups was significantly different（P〈0.001）. （2）Transverse diameter of pelvic inlet and anteroposterior diameter of pelvic inlet differences among the 3 groups had statistical significance （P〈 0.001）. （3）Age was negatively correlated with the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet （r=-0.292, P 〈 0.001 ）. （4）Pelvic inlet area for each groups was also significantly different （P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusion The shape of the female pelvic inlet in south China has changed in the last 30 years, with being transversely oval more common than being verticallyoval. This trend is beneficial to engagement of vaginal delivery.

关 键 词：骨盆测量 骨盆入口形态 女性 CT三维重建 

分 类 号：R323.45[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]