超疏水、超亲油MTES-DMDES型柔性气凝胶的制备及表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of Superhydrophobic,Superoleophlic,Flexible MTES-DMDES Based Aerogels

作　　者：余煜玺[1] 朱孟伟[1] 伞海生[2] 许春来[3] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学材料学院材料科学与工程系福建省特种先进材料重点实验室 [2]厦门大学萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院,福建厦门361005 [3]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2016年第12期139-144,150,共7页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675452);航空科学基金(2013ZD68009);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划(2013)

摘　　要：以甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)和二甲基二乙氧基硅烷(DMDES)为前驱体,水为反应物,乙醇为溶剂,盐酸和氨水为催化剂,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂,通过溶胶-凝胶法和超临界干燥制备得到疏水亲油MTES-DMDES型柔性气凝胶块体。通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、X射线能量色谱、应力-应变,疏水性测试、热重等测试分析发现,气凝胶具有三维网络骨架结构,密度低至0.0897 g/cm^3,最大应变达到80%,应力低至36.85 k Pa,疏水接触角为153.6°,热稳定温度高达400℃。能从水中快速高效去除油污,是具有广阔应用前景的油/水分离材料。Superhydrophobic and superoleophlic methyltriethoxysilane （MTES） -dimethyldiethoxysilane （DMDES） based aerogels were synthesized through sol-gel reaction followed by supercritical drying, in which MTES and DMDES were used as co-precursors, EtOH as solvents, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide（CTAB） as surfactant, HCl and NH3·H2O as catalysts. The as-prepared aerogels were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, elastic recovery test, hydrophobic test and thermogravimetry. The results indicate that the as-prepared aerogels have high three-dimensional network structure, the low density of 0.0897 g/cm3 with the high compression ratio of 80 % and stress of 36.85 kPa. They have superhydrophobicity with the water contact angle of 153.6° and can stabilize up to 400 ℃. It is also find that they have high selectivity for removing oil from water, thereby can be used as a potential oil/water separation material.

关 键 词：气凝胶 疏水 亲油 柔性 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]