冻融交替对土壤氮素转化及相关微生物学特性的影响  

Effects of Freeze-thaw Events on Nitrogen Transformation and Microbiological Characteristics in Soils

作　　者：吕欣欣[1] 孙海岩[1] 汪景宽[1] 丁雪丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《土壤通报》2016年第5期1265-1272,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

摘　　要：土壤冻融是发生在中、高纬度及高海拔地区的一种常见的自然现象。冻融作用通过影响土壤物理性质及生物学性状进而对土壤氮素转化过程产生重要影响,但目前关于冻融作用对土壤氮素转化过程影响的研究结果还不尽一致,对于冻融作用下土壤微生物学特性的研究相对较少。本文着重论述了冻融作用对土壤氮素转化过程(有效氮素含量变化、氮素净矿化速率、氮素损失途径等)的影响,并对冻融作用下土壤微生物生理和代谢特性进行了归纳和总结,简要指出目前研究过程中存在的问题,并对未来研究方向提出展望。Freezing and thawing of soils occurred regularly in mid-and high- latitudes and high altitude. Freeze-thaw events strongly affected soil physical properties, microbiological characteristics and thus nitrogen （N） transformation process in soils. To date, however, there were no consistent results on the effects of freezing and thawing on soil N transformation. Few studies investigated the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on microbial processes involved in N cycling. Here we reviewed the literature with special focus on the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on soil N transformation and underlying microbial mechanisms. Particularly, information about how freeze-thaw cycles influenced dynamics of dissolved organic N, inorganic N, microbial biomass N, net mineralization rate, N20 emission and nitrate losses was included. We also addressed microbial responses to freeze-thaw events, along with the suggestions regarding further research.

关 键 词：土壤 冻融作用 氮素转化 微生物 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]