表面活性剂在剩余污泥处理中的作用机制研究进展  

Research progress on action mechanism of surfactants in treatment of excess sludge

作　　者：黄翔峰[1] 穆天帅 申昌明[1] 彭开铭[1] 陆丽君[1] 刘佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2016年第12期6819-6826,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC11B04);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2010ZX07319-001-02)

摘　　要：污水处理过程产生的大量剩余污泥具有含水率高、有机物含量高以及富集了多种有毒有害物质的特性,必须进行适当预处理方能进行后续处置与利用。表面活性剂因其独特的两亲结构及表/界面活性近年来逐渐被应用于污泥处理过程。综述了常用表面活性剂对污泥脱水以及厌氧发酵过程的影响,重点对表面活性剂的作用机制进行了总结归纳:在污泥脱水过程中,表面活性剂主要发挥增溶作用;在污泥厌氧发酵产酸过程中,表面活性剂的增溶作用以及对微生物活性的改变共同影响产酸效果。最后对表面活性剂应用于污泥处理中的研究前景进行了展望。Large amounts of waste activated sludge（ WAS）,which has high moisture and organic matter content,as well as various poisonous substances,are produced during the treatment of wastewater. Appropriate pretreatment should be conducted before subsequent disposal or utilization of WAS. Due to its unique amphiphilic structure and interfacial properties,surfactants have been gradually applied to the treatment of excess sludge.In this paper,the influences of surfactants on sludge dewatering and anaerobic fermentation processes were reviewed. The mechanisms of surfactants were summarized as follows. In the process of sludge dewatering,surfactants mainly enhance the solubilization of macromolecular organic compounds. In addition to the enhancement of solubilization,the effect on microbial activities is another mechanism by which to affect fermentation products during anaerobic fermentation. Based on the above analysis,prospects for future research in the field of sludge treatment were proposed.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 剩余污泥 脱水 厌氧发酵 增溶 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]