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作 者:张朋[1] 尹小玲[1] 赵雪峰[1] 江辽[1] 曾莹[1]
机构地区:[1]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东广州510641
出 处:《水电能源科学》2016年第12期60-64,共5页Water Resources and Power
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(11572130);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0402601)
摘 要:通过水槽试验对有径流无潮、无径流有潮、有径流有潮三种组合情况下盐水入侵进行研究。有径流无潮试验表明,在水深和径流平均流速相同时,盐水入侵距离随盐度增大而增大;当水深和密度梯度力相同时,盐水入侵距离随径流量增大而减小;当径流平均流速和密度梯度力相同时,盐水入侵距离随水深的增大而增大,由此获得有径流无潮情况下水槽中盐水入侵距离公式。无径流有潮试验表明,当密度梯度力相同时,潮差小的咸界增长的快;潮差相同时,密度梯度力大的咸界增长快。有径流有潮试验表明,密度梯度力相同时,盐水入侵距离达到稳定所需的潮差随径流量增大而减小;当水深、潮差、盐度相同时,盐水入侵距离随径流量增大而减小;当潮差很小时,盐水的入侵距离大于无潮时盐水的入侵距离,而后随潮差增大,盐水入侵距离减小;并从半个潮周期内水位平均的角度解释了潮差很小时的试验现象。The salt water intrusion was studied by the flume experiment of three kinds of combined conditions,which were runoff without tide,tide without runoff,and runoff and tide.The experiments of runoff without tide show that when the water depth and the average velocity of runoff are the same,the salt water intrusion length increases with the increase of the salinity;when the water depth and the density gradient force are the same,the salt water intrusion length decreases with the increase of runoff;when the average velocity of runoff and the density gradient force are the same,the salt water intrusion length increases with the increase of water depth,and the formula of the salt water intrusion length in the flume is obtained.The experiments of tide without runoff show that when the density gradient force is the same,the salt water intrusion length increases faster with the smaller tidal range;when the tidal range is the same,the salt water intrusion length increases faster with the greater density gradient force.The experiments of runoff and tide show that when the density gradient force is the same,the salt water intrusion length reaches steady requiring a smaller tidal range with the larger runoff;when the water depth,tidal range and salinity are the same,the salt water intrusion length decreases with the increase of runoff;when the tidal range is very small,the salt water intrusion length is longer than the intrusion length without tide and then decreases with the increase of tidal range,and this experimental phenomena with very small tidal range is explained from the point of view of the average water level in half tide cycle.
分 类 号:TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]
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