包膜材料γ-聚谷氨酸对菜心的农学效应  

Agronomic effects of coating material γ-polyglutamic acid on Chinese flowering cabbage

作　　者：黄巧义[1] 唐拴虎[1] 李苹[1] 付弘婷[1] 张木[1] 黄旭[1] 易琼[1] 张发宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,农业部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2016年第6期1645-1654,共10页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：公益性(农业)行业专项(201503123);广东省科技计划项目(2012A020100004,2014B090904068,2016A020210035);粤科规财字[2014]208号)资助

摘　　要：【目的】考察施用γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA)对菜心生长、产量、品质和养分吸收的影响,揭示γ-PGA的农学施用效应。【方法】在酸性土壤(p H 5.89)和强酸性土壤(p H 4.85)以菜心为供试作物进行盆栽试验。在常规施肥(施N 1.33 g/kg土,分5次施入土壤)的基础上,设不施γ-PGA包裹型肥料(T1)、分5次施用γ-PGA 0.53mg/kg土(T2)和1.06 mg/kg(T3)、在定苗一周后一次性淋施γ-PGA 0.53 mg/kg土(T4)和1.06 mg/kg土(T5)5个处理。调查了菜心根系活力、养分含量、养分吸收累积量、叶片抗氧化系统、菜心产量及品质。【结果】酸性、强酸性土壤上,γ-PGA处理(T2、T3、T4、T5)的伤流强度均高于T1,且T3、T4、T5的伤流液氨基酸输出强度显著高于T1,平均增幅分别达到38.1%、33.2%、44.2%(P<0.05)。酸性土壤上,T2、T3、T4、T5处理的菜心钙、镁含量显著高于T1(P<0.05),菜心钙的增幅分别为29.6%、21.8%、26.4%、22.7%,镁的增幅分别为11.7%、8.3%、22.2%、16.7%,锌、锰也有一定程度的提高;强酸性土壤上不同处理的菜心养分含量没有差异。T2、T3、T4、T5处理的氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铜、锌、铁、锰累积量均显著高于T1;T4、T5处理的菜心叶片可溶性蛋白显著高于T1(P<0.05),T2、T3、T4、T5处理的菜心叶片CAT活性显著高于T1(P<0.05);而酸性土壤上,仅T3处理的菜心叶片CAT活性显著高于T1处理(P<0.05)。酸性、强酸性土壤上,T3、T4处理的菜心叶片SOD活性显著高于T1(P<0.05);不同处理的菜心叶片POD活性没有差异;T2、T3、T4、T5处理的菜心产量均显著高于T1(P<0.05),在酸性土壤上增幅分别为4.4%、7.3%、12.2%、12.3%,强酸性土壤上分别为9.7%、14.2%、12.2%、12.39%。两种类型土壤上,T2、T3、T4、T5处理的菜心地上部分和根系生物量均显著高于T1处理(P<0.05)。T4、T5处理的Vc含量和游离氨基酸含量显著高于T1(P<0.05),T2、T3、T4、T5处理的硝酸盐含量显著低于T1(P<0.05)。γ-PGA淋施处�【Objectives】Effects of γ-polyglutamic acid（γ-PGA） on growth, yield and quality of Chinese flowering cabbage were studied to provide a support for its use in agricultural production.【Methods】A pot experiment was conducted using Chinsese flowering cabage as tested crop in an acid soil（pH 5.89） and a strong acid soil（4.85）. At the base of applying N 1.33 g/kg soil in 5 times, five treatments were designed： no γ-PGA applicaiton（T1）, applying γ-PGA 0.53 mg/kg soil（T2） and 1.06 mg/kg soil（T3） in five times with N fertilization,and applying γ-PGA 0.53 mg/kg soil（T4） and 1.06 mg/kg soil（T5） once after seedling transplanting. The root activity, nutrient contents, nutrient accumulation, antioxidant system, yield and quality of Chinese flowering cabbage of each treatment were determined.【Results】In both the acid and strong acid soils, the bleeding intensities of Chinese flowering cabbage in T2, T3, T4 and T5 were slightly higher than that in T1, and the amino acid intensities in the bleeding sap in T3, T4 and T5 were significantly higher than in T1（P〈0.05） with the average increased rates of 38.1%, 33.2% and 44.2%, respectively. In the acid soils, the Ca and Mg contents of Chinese flowering cabbage in T2, T3, T4 and T5 were significantly higher than that in T1（P〈0.05）, with the increased rates of 29.6%, 21.8%, 26.4%, 22.7% in acid soil and 1.7%, 8.3%, 22.2%, 16.7% in strong acid soil condition, respectively. The Zn and Mn contents in Chinese flowering cabbage were increased slightly in the treatments of T2, T3, T4 and T5 in the acid soils, no differences in strong acid soils. The accumulated amounts of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in Chinese flowering cabbage in the acid soils and the strong acid soils were increased greatly by applying γ-PGA. In the strong acid soils, the soluble protein contents in leaves of Chinese flowering cabbage in T4 and T5 were significantly higher than that in T1, and the CAT activities in T2, T3, T4 and T5 were significantly hi

关 键 词：Γ-聚谷氨酸 菜心 产量 品质 养分 

分 类 号：S634.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]