川明参轮作对烟地土壤微生物群落结构的影响  

Influence of tobacco-Chuanminshen violaceum rotation on microbe community in soil

作　　者：张东艳[1,2] 赵建 杨水平[1] 莫静静 何大敏 王军 苟剑渝 张雪[3] 蒋卫 温明霞 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,贵州遵义563000 [3]重庆市中药研究院,重庆400065

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2016年第24期4556-4563,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370602);中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(SWU113094);重庆市科委"科技平台与基地建设"项目(CSTC;2014ptyjd10001);重庆市卫生和计生委中医药科技项目(ZY201402132);贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司研究开发项目(201404)

摘　　要：土壤微生物是土壤质量的重要指标,为探索川明参种植对烟地微生物影响,该文采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序研究了川明参对植烟土壤中细菌和真菌在门和属水平上的群落结构变化。结果表明,川明参种植增加了烟地土壤细菌和真菌的生物多样性,且对真菌的影响大于细菌,极大的增加了真菌的序列数,分别获得32 978个细菌16S r DNA序列和32 229个真菌18S r DNA序列。没有改变细菌前三大优势菌门类,但含量上分别使变形菌和酸杆菌降低1.73%,1.4%,放线菌增加0.65%,使真菌优势门子囊菌减少27.99%成为次优势菌,次优势菌担子菌增加23.69%成为优势菌;改变了原烟地属水平的群落结构,使优势属及丰度都发生了变化,变化较大的细菌如uncultured Acidobacteriaceae Subgroup-1,Gemmatimonas,Subgroup-2,uncultured Nitrosomonadaceae等,真菌如norank Sordariales,norank Agaricomycetes,Phialophora等,且拮抗微生物及生理类群微生物丰度增加,病原菌减少。因此,川明参种植能改善烟地土壤微生物。Soil microbes are the important indicator of soil quality. For exploring Chuanminshen violaceum planting to microbial effects in tobacco soil, this paper adopted Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing to research the change of bacteria and fungi at the phylum and genus in the soil. The results showed that the Ch. violaceum planting increased the biodiversity of bacteria and fungi. The influence on fungi was greater than that on bacteria. It greatly increased the sequence of fungi, it obtained 32 978 16S rDNA and 32 229 18S rDNA sequence number. There was no change of the top three phylums in bacteria, but the content changed, Proteobacte- ria and Acidobacteria reduced by 1.73% and 1.4% respectively, and Actinobacteria increased by 0. 65%. The advantage phylum As- comycete in tobacco reduced by 27.99% to be second advantage phylum after Ch. violaceum planting, and the second advantage phy- lum Basidiomycete increased by 23.69% to become the first dominant fungi. At the genus, Ch. violaceum planting changed the order of dominant genus and the abundance was also changed. Some changed largely such as uncultured Acidobacteriaceae Subgroup-1, Gem-matimonas, Subgroup-2,uncultured Nitrosomonadaceae for bacteria, norank Sordariales, norank Agaricomycetes, Phialophora for fun- gi. Especially the rotation increased antagonistic microbes and physiological microbes and decreased pathogenic microbes. So the Ch. violaceum planting can improve the microbe community in tobacco soil.

关 键 词：川明参 烟草 高通量测序 细菌 真菌 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培] S572[农业科学—作物学]