聚乙烯醇基聚合物材料在多元驱动方式下的形状记忆行为  

Multi-Stimuli Induced Shape Memory Effect of Polymers Based on Poly(vinyl alcohol)

作　　者：杜海燕[1] 雷霞[2] 许玉玉[1] 梁镇海[1] 王永洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学化学化工学院,太原030024 [2]中国石油兰州石化公司石油化工厂,兰州730060

出　　处：《化学进展》2016年第11期1648-1657,共10页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21304065)资助~~

摘　　要：形状记忆聚合物(SMPs)是近些年发展起来的一种环境响应型智能材料。在外界刺激驱动下分子内或分子间会发生物化变化,分子结构和形态的改变使形变后的材料在宏观上回复到起始形态。常见的SMPs有聚乙烯、聚氨酯、聚己内酯等,而聚乙烯醇(PVA)的形状记忆效应是在热致型形状记忆凝胶被发现以来才引起人们关注的。由于PVA侧链富含大量羟基,化学活性高、易与官能团进行功能化改性,因此可设计出满足不同驱动方式的分子结构。目前研究者已采用冻融循环、化学或辐射交联、接枝改性及共混复合等多种方法制备了多种刺激源(如温度,溶剂、光、电、微波及超声波等)驱动下的形状记忆聚乙烯醇(SM-PVA)、PVA衍生物及复合材料。本文综述了近年来不同刺激源驱动下SM-PVA的研究进展,阐述了不同材料的结构性能、回复机理及存在的问题,并展望了PVA在该领域的发展和应用前景。Shape memory polymers （SMPs） are a class of environment stimulated intelligent materials that developed in recent years. Under extra stimulation, physical and chemical changes will take place within or between molecules, and the deformed material can recover to its original shape due to the change of molecular structure and morphology. Various common SMPs such as poly （ethylene）, poly （urethane）, poly （caprolactone） have been developed, however, the shape memory effect of poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） has not attracted the attention until the thermal induced shape memory behavior of PVA gel was reported. Because there are abundant hydroxyl groups with high chemical activity in PVA side chains, it is easy to modify PVA with other functional groups. Different stimuli induced molecular structures can be designed according to the environmental requirement. Up to now, different methods including freeze-thaw cycle, chemical or irradiation cross-linking, graft modification and blending have been used to prepared various multi-stimuli （e. g. temperature, solvent, light, electricity, microwave and ultrasound） induced shape memory poly（vinyl alcohol）（SM-PVA）, PVA derivatives and composites. The different stimuli induced SM-PVA of recent years. recovery mechanism, and the problems are described. field are also prospected. present article summarizes the research development of The structures and properties of different materials, the The future development and applications of PVA in this

关 键 词：形状记忆效应 多元驱动 聚乙烯醇 聚合物凝胶 智能高分子 

分 类 号：O632.3[理学—高分子化学]