基体合金对连续M40石墨纤维/Al复合材料纤维损伤及断裂机制的影响  

Effects of matrix alloy on fiber damage and fracture mechanism of continuous M40 graphite fiber/Al composites

作　　者：聂明明[1] 徐志锋[1] 余欢[1] 王振军[1] 姚菁[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室,南昌330063

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2016年第12期2797-2806,共10页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51365043);江西省自然科学基金(20151BAB206004);轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室和航空材料热加工技术航空科技重点实验室联合资助项目(GF201101004)

摘　　要：选用M40石墨纤维为增强体,采用真空气压浸渗法制备了纤维体积分数为40%,基体合金分别为ZL102、ZL114A、ZL205A及ZL301合金的连续M40/Al复合材料,并用NaOH溶液萃取出M40纤维,研究了基体合金对连续M40/Al复合材料纤维损伤和断裂机制的影响。结果表明:不同的基体合金对M40纤维造成的损伤差异较大,从M40/ZL301复合材料中萃取的纤维拉伸强度最高,其拉伸强度为1 686MPa,约为纤维原丝拉伸强度的38.3%;而从M40/ZL102复合材料中萃取的纤维拉伸强度最低,其拉伸强度仅为687MPa,且纤维表面粗糙程度不一。不同M40/Al复合材料的断裂机制存在明显差别,M40/ZL102和M40/ZL114A复合材料断裂时无纤维拔出及界面脱粘,裂纹横向穿过纤维导致复合材料在低应力下失效;M40/ZL205A复合材料则表现为少量纤维拔出,界面轻微脱粘;同时,M40/ZL301复合材料表现为大量纤维拔出,裂纹沿界面纵向扩展,界面脱粘明显,纤维充分发挥其承载作用,复合材料的拉伸强度最高,达到了670.2 MPa。M40 graphite fiber was selected as reinforced material, continuous M40/Al composites whose volume fraction of fiber was 40% and matrix alloys were ZL102, ZL114A, ZL205A and ZL301 alloys respectively were prepared by vacuum gas pressure infiltration, and M40 fibers were extracted using NaOH solution, thus the effects of matrix alloy on the fiber damage and fracture mechanism of continuous M40/Al composites were investigated. The results show that the damages caused by different matrix alloys to M40 fibers are quite different, the tensile strength of fiber extracted from M40/ZL301 composite is the highest, the tensile strength of it is 1 686 MPa, which is about 38.3% of the raw silk tensile strength. While the tensile strength of fiber extracted from M40/ZL102 composite is the lowest, the tensile strength is only 687 MPa, and the roughness of fiber surface is different. There are obvious differences for the fracture mechanisms of different M40/Al composites, when M40/ZL102 and M40/ZL114A com posites fracture, there are no fiber pulling out and interfacial debonding, crack passes through fiber transversely, which leads to the failure of composites at low stress. While M40/ZL205A composite shows a small amount of fiber pulling out and slight interracial debonding. At the same time, M40/ZL301 composite shows a large number of fiber pulling out, crack extends along the interface longitudinally, the interface debonding is obvious, fiber gives full play to its bearing function, and the tensile strength of composite is the highest, which reaches 670.2 MPa.

关 键 词：连续M40/Al复合材料 真空气压浸渗 基体合金 纤维损伤 断裂机制 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]