微量热法研究硝酸体系中N,N-二甲基羟胺的热稳定性  被引量:1

Thermal Stability of N,N-Dimethylhydroxylamine in Nitric Acid Solution by Microcalorimetry

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作  者:曹智[1] 卞晓艳[1] 晏太红[1] 李传博[1] 李辉波[1] 何喜红[1] 郑卫芳[1] 

机构地区:[1]中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所,北京102413

出  处:《核化学与放射化学》2016年第6期347-352,共6页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

摘  要:采用微量热仪研究了硝酸溶液中N,N-二甲基羟胺(DMHAN)的热稳定性,考察了溶液中硝酸浓度、DMHAN浓度和甲基肼(MMH)、空气和氮气气氛、金属元素等对DMHAN热稳定性的影响,并比较了相同条件下DMHAN和羟胺(HAN)的热稳定性。研究结果表明,HNO。浓度在1.5~3.0mol/L和DMHAN浓度在0.05~0.8mol/L时,DMHAN/HNO3体系起始反应温度(f。)随硝酸浓度的降低或随DMHAN浓度的升高而增加。当HNO3/DMHAN摩尔浓度比值分别为2.5~10和12.5~20时,DMHAN/HNO3体系反应热分别约为865.5kJ/mol和683.4kJ/mol,说明不同的HNO3/DMHAN摩尔浓度比值,引发DMHAN/HNO3体系内的各个反应权重不同从而导致体系放热不同。MMH作为支持还原剂,使DMHAN发生分解反应的时间明显滞后;空气、氮气气氛以及后处理流程中的铁和裂片元素锆、钌对DMHAN/HNO3体系分解反应无明显影响,不锈钢容器对DMHAN/HNO3分解反应有催化作用。Abstract: The thermal stability of N, N-dimethylhydroxylamine(DMHAN) in the nitric acid solution was studied using micro calorimeter. The main influence factors including the nitric acid concentration, the concentration of DMHAN, MMH, atmosphere(air and nitro- gen) and metals were studied and compared the thermal stability of DMHAN with HAN under the same conditions. The results show that the initial reaction temperature (t0) of DMHAN/HNO3 (HNO3:1.5-3.0mol/L, DMHAN: 0. 05-0.8mol/L) is improved as the acidity reduces or the concentration of DMHAN increases. The reaction heat of DMHAN/HNO3 is 865.5 kJ/mol and 683.4 kJ/mol respectively when the mole concentration ratios of HNO3 to DMHAN are 2.5-10 and 12.5-20. This indicates the different ratio of HNO3 to DMHAN makes the scale of reactions different in the DMHAN/HNO3, so it makes the different reaction heat. Holding reductant MMH make the induction period of the autocata-lytic reaction become longer. The air, nitrogen atmosphere, Fe and the fission products (Zr, Ru) do not affect the decomposition of DMHAN, but the stainless steel make the DMHAN/ HNO3 show higher reactivity.

关 键 词:二甲基羟胺 热稳定性 微量热法 

分 类 号:O642.1[理学—物理化学]

 

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