农民工艾滋病危险行为变化趋势及感染状况调查分析  

Analysis of the trend of HIV/AIDS related risk behaviors and HIV/AIDS infection among peasant-workers

作　　者：翟晶[1] 李雪华[2] 牛瑾[2] 肖民扬 罗红兵[2] 黄丽花[3] 陈志娟[3] 李洪元 钟丽东 贾曼红[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防制所,云南昆明650022 [3]大理州疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病科,云南大理671000 [4]大理市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病科,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2016年第12期1249-1252,1256,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金："十二五"国家科技重大专项(2012ZX10001001)

摘　　要：目的了解农民工群体艾滋病知识态度、行为特征变化趋势以及艾滋病感染情况。方法 2012-2014年连续三年采用固定场所连续抽样法,对大理市农民工进行问卷调查和HIV抗体检测,样本量为每年400人。结果农民工艾滋病知识知晓率从79.8%上升到98.5%(X^2=80.17,P<0.001),多因素分析显示文化程度、是否接受过艾滋病干预服务、年龄为艾滋病知晓率的独立影响因素。农民工商业性行为时安全套坚持使用率无明显趋势变化(r=-0.238,P=0.149);临时性行为坚持使用安全套的比例分别为28.6%、46.4%和56.3%;与配偶坚持使用安全套比例从4.8%增加到6.3%(r=0.048,P=0.031)。农民工三年HIV感染率为分别为0.0%、0.0%和0.5%。结论针对农民工群体的艾滋病干预取得了一定成效,但安全套使用率仍然处于较低水平,临时性行为比例出现上升,应引起关注。今后应进一步加强部门合作,针对该群体继续加强艾滋病的综合干预,特别加强对文化程度较低和年龄较大的农民工的干预,扩大干预和HIV检测覆盖面。Objective To understand the trend of HIV/AIDS knowledge, risk behaviors and HIV/AIDS prevalence among peasant-workers. Methods Fixed location continuous sampling method was used. Questionnaire survey and HIV antibody test were carried out among peasant-workers from 2012 to 2014 in Dali city. Sample size was 400 per year. Results The rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge for peasant-workers increased from 79. 8% to 98.5% （ %2 = 80. 17, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Multivariate analysis showed that education level, whether received AIDS intervention services and age were independent factors for AIDS knowledge. There was no trend change about the rate of consistent condom use with sex workers in 2012-2014 （ r = - 0. 238, P = 0. 149 ）. The rate of consistent condom use with casual sexual partners were 28.6% ,46. 4% and 56. 3%, respectively. The rate of consistent condom use with spouses increased slightly from 4. 8% to 6. 3% （ r = 0. 048 ,P =0. 031 ）. From 2012 to 2014, HIV prevalence rate was 0. 0% , O. 0% and 0. 5% , respectively. Conclusions Behavior intervention among peasant-workers has made some progress, but the rate of condom use is not satisfactory. Special attention should be paid to the increasing trend of casual sex behavior. Further effort should be focused on multi-sector cooperation, increasing coverage of comprehensive intervention and HIV testing service, especially among older and lower education background peasant-workers.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 危险性行为 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R181[医药卫生—临床医学]