基于失效情景的应急设施选址评估指标体系与模型  

System of Evaluation Indices of Emergency Facility Location and Model Based on Facility Failure Scenarios

作　　者：张敏[1] 张玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学机械与车辆工程学院,北京100044 [2]福州大学经济与管理学院,福建福州350116

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2016年第11期129-136,共8页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划集成平台项目(91024031);北京建筑大学博士基金(00331614030);城市轨道交通车辆服役性能保障北京市重点实验室

摘　　要：突发事件具有巨大的破坏性、不确定性,应急设施有可能失效,本文研究基于失效情景的应急设施选址评估指标体系与评估模型。首先基于定义的失效情景研究应急设施选址评估指标。构建全局性、可靠性、时效性、均衡性、经济性评估指标。可靠性作为重要评估指标有助于提高应急设施对需求区域的物资保障程度,保证系统的稳定性,采用多重覆盖率刻画。然后,设计具有不同侧重评估目标的一般情景评估指标体系、设施失效情景评估指标体系以及多区域情景评估指标体系。最后,由于应急设施选址评估具有多影响因素特征,涉及输入和输出多个指标的测度,选取处理多输入\多输出问题具有优势的评估方法—数据包络法,对应急设施选址的合理性进行评估。实例验证评估指标体系的实用性和有效性。Because of the destructive power and uncertainty of emergencies, it is possible that the emergen-cy facility will fail. System of evaluation indices and model of emergency facility location based on the facil-ity failure scenarios are studied in this paper. At first, failure scenarios of emergency facility are defined.Evaluation indices of facility location are studied based on the definition of failure scenarios. The evaluationindices of global, efficiency, equilibrium, reliability and economy are defined. Multi-covering concept isused to present the reliability evaluation index. It is helpful to improve the material security degree of e-mergency resource for the demand region and the reliability of the emergency system. The system of gener-al scenario evaluation indices, the system of facility failure scenario evaluation indices and the system ofmulti-region scenario evaluation indices, which have the different evaluation target-oriented, are designedin the end, the measure of more indices of input and output is involved in the emergency facility locationgenerally. The data envelope analysis which is the predominant method to solve the problem of multiple in-puts and multiple outputs is used to evaluate the rationality of emergency facility location. The computa-tional experiment shows the practicability and validity of the proposed system of facility location evaluationindices.

关 键 词：应急设施选址 评估指标体系 可靠性 设施失效情景 数据包络法 

分 类 号：C934[经济管理—管理学]