中国全球业务化海洋学预报系统的发展和应用  

Development and Application of the Chinese Global Operational Oceanography Forecasting System

作　　者：王辉[1,2] 万莉颖[1,2] 秦英豪[1] 王毅[1] 杨学联[1] 刘洋[1] 邢建勇[1] 陈莉[1] 王彰贵[1] 仉天宇[1] 刘桂梅[1] 杨清华[1] 吴湘玉[1] 刘钦燕[3] 王东晓[3] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081 [2]国家海洋局海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室,国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081 [3]热带海洋环境国家重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2016年第10期1090-1104,共15页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“热带太平洋三种增暖事件次表层海温演变特征及机理研究”(编号:41406042);热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所)开放课题项目“全球海洋资料同化系统在热带太平洋三种不同海水增暖事件中盐度变化特征分析”(编号:LTO1303)资助~~

摘　　要：中国全球业务化海洋学预报系统是国家海洋环境预报中心在国内首次构建的全球—大洋—近海3级嵌套的全球业务化海洋学预报系统体系,系统稳定高效业务运行,通过多种方式实时提供和发布全球多尺度多要素的海流、海浪、海温、海冰、海面风场等预报产品,实现了全球海域范围内从百公里级到公里级空间分辨率的一体化预报业务全覆盖。全球业务化海洋学预报系统从全球尺度、大洋尺度到中国周边海域包括8个子系统:全球海面风场数值预报子系统、全球海洋环流数值预报子系统、全球海浪数值预报子系统、全球潮汐潮流数值预报子系统、印度洋海域海洋环境数值预报子系统、极地海冰数值预报子系统、中国周边海域精细化海洋环境数值预报子系统、全球海洋环境预报业务化集成支撑子系统。该系统紧密结合我国经济社会发展和军事保障需求,在"雪龙号"极地遇险脱困预报保障、马航MH370失联飞机搜救预报保障、"蛟龙号"多次深潜海试预报保障、日本福岛"3.11"地震海啸核泄漏影响评估等重大事件的预报保障任务中发挥了至关重要的作用,为我国实施海洋强国战略,维护国家海洋权益、保障涉海安全生产、应对海上突发事件等提供有力的科技支撑。Chinese Global operational Oceanography Forecasting System （CGOFS） is configured in three levels of nested grids from global ocean, open ocean to offshore. This global operational oceanography forecasting system architecture is firstly bulit in China by the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center （NMEFC）. It has been put into operational forecasting at NMEFC, providing real-time forecasting of multi-scale ocean current, temperature, salinity, wave, sea surface wind, etc. All the ocean forecasting products are released in many ways and made available through the online, realizing full-range coverage in resolution from hundreds kilometer to several kilometer. The CGOFS includes 8 subsystems： global sea-surface wind numerical forecasting subsystem, global ocean circulation numerical forecasting subsystem, global ocean wave numerical forecasting subsystem, global tide and tidal current forecasting subsystem, Indian Ocean marine environment numerical forecasting subsystem, polar sea ice numerical forecasting subsystem, refined marine environment numerical forecasting for China’s surrounding waters,and integration management subsystem for operational support service of the CGOFS. Operational applications of the CGOFS are closely connected with China’s economic-social development and military security needs. For example, the CGOFS palys a crucial role in environmental forecasting for Chinese research vessel and icebreaker Xuelong, MH370 Searching, submersible “Jiaolong” exploration and nuclear contaminant transport from Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, providing important scientific support for developing an ocean power, protecting national maritime rights, ensuring marine safety and coping with ocean problems in emergency.

关 键 词：业务化海洋学 全球海洋预报 业务化应用 三级嵌套 资料同化 

分 类 号：P732.4[天文地球—海洋科学]