转LOS5玉米的大田抗旱性鉴定  

Field Identification of Drought Tolerance of LOS5 Transgenic Maize

作　　者：刘成[1,2] 杨炳鹏 孙宝成[2] 章家长[1] 唐怀君[2] 王天宇[3] 张登峰[3] 谢小清[2] 石云素[3] 宋燕春[3] 杨小红[1] 黎裕[3] 李建生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学院国家玉米改良中心,北京100193 [2]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2016年第23期4469-4479,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2014ZX08003-004)

摘　　要：【目的】培育转基因抗旱玉米新品种是解决玉米生产问题的重要途径。通过鉴定和分析拟南芥LOS5转入玉米后对玉米田间抗旱性的影响,筛选抗旱性突出的转LOS5的玉米株系用于抗旱育种。【方法】在150、225、300、375、450和600 mm(CK)梯度灌水胁迫处理条件下,大田鉴定8个转LOS5玉米株系及其受体郑58的抗旱性,测定产量和其他农艺性状的变化,明确LOS5在提高玉米抗旱性方面的主要田间表现形式,同时筛选抗旱性显著优于受体的转基因株系。【结果】随着累计灌水量600—150 mm逐渐降低,9个试验材料的产量和抗旱性均相应下降。8个转基因玉米株系的产量在225—450 mm灌水范围内均显著高于受体郑58,且在正常灌水600 mm的一半处理(300 mm)时差异最大化。300 mm灌水处理中,8个转基因株系的抗旱性指数为0.56—0.70,显著高于受体郑58(0.5),抗旱性提高12%—40%。抗旱性从强到弱的材料顺序是T8920B6、T8920B2、T8920B7、T8920B5、T8020B1、T8920B4、T8920B3、T8920B8和受体郑58。营养体生长和发育方面,在灌水150—225 mm处理中,8个转基因材料灌浆末期的叶色SPAD值38.4—42.4,均极显著高于受体郑58(28.7—37.5),但地上部生物重量、株高和穗位高没有显著差异;果穗发育方面,在灌水150—225 mm处理中,8个转基因株系的穗重为42.3—61.6 g,穗长为10.9—13.1 cm,均极显著高于受体(36.4—40.7 g和8.5—11.8 cm),但轴重和穗粗的差异不显著;籽粒发育方面,8个转基因株系的穗粒数为86.6—182.6,行粒数为8.4—15.6,也显著高于受体的穗粒数57.3—83.2和行粒数4.9—7.1,但穗行数和百粒重差异不显著。【结论】LOS5转入受体郑58后,对转基因玉米开花前营养生长的影响较小,但在开花之后维持受旱玉米的穗长、行粒数和灌浆后期叶色等方面发挥了积极作用,使受旱玉米的穗重、穗粒数和产量保持在相对较高的水平,从而提高了玉米的抗旱�【Objective】Development of transgenic drought tolerant varieties of maize is an effective way to solve the production problems such as drought disaster and water shortage. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze the effects LOS5 on drought tolerance of maize which were transferred with Arabidopsis thaliana LOS5 gene. And, the transgenic LOS5 maize lines with strongest drought tolerance were screened out for the maize breeding. 【Method】 Under the gradient stress of 150, 225, 300, 375, 450 and 600 mm（CK） irrigation amount, the yield and drought tolerance of eight LOS5 transgenic maize lines and their receptor Zheng58 were identified in field. Yield components and other agronomic traits were measured and compared for determining what were the characters most correlated with the enhanced drought tolerance. The transgenic maize lines with significant drought tolerance were screened out for the transgenic breeding application.【Result】The yields and drought tolerances of all 9 maize lines decreased gradually with the decreasing of irrigation amount from 600 to 150 mm. The yields of 8 transgenic maize lines were all significantly higher than that of the receptor Zheng58 in the stress range of 225 mm to 450 mm, and the maximum difference was in the half irrigation（300 mm） of the normal irrigation（600 mm）. In the irrigation amount of 300 mm, the drought resistant coefficients of 8 transgenic lines were 0.56 to 0.70, which were significantly higher than that of the receptor Zheng58（0.5）, and the drought tolerance then increased by 12% to 40%. The materials in descending order of the drought resistant coefficient were T8920B6, T8920B2, T8920B7, T8920B5, T8920B1, T8920B4, T89B3, B8920B8 and the receptor Zheng58. In the respect of vegetative development, only the leaf color SPAD value of transgenic lines（38.4 to 42.4） were significantly higher than that of the receptor Zheng58（28.7 to 37.5） in the irrigation of 150 to 225 mm, but the biomass above the ground, plant height and

关 键 词：玉米 LOS5 抗旱性 转基因 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]