离子液体的相变储能利用  

Applications of ionic liquids for phase-change energy storage

作　　者：张航[1] 杨伯伦[1] Hang Zhang Bolun Yang(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi＇an Jiaotong University, Xi＇an 710049, China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院,西安710049

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2016年第12期1264-1276,共13页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:21276203)资助项目

摘　　要：相变储能技术因其相变潜热大、蓄热和放能过程温度和热流基本恒定等优点成为能源科学技术中的重要分支.本文首先探讨了传统有机与无机相变储能材料存在的过冷、相分离、储能密度低、腐蚀性强等不足的原因,进而对离子液体相变储能材料的研究现状进行了分析.讨论了离子液体相变材料在太阳能储热、建筑节能、工业废热回收以及军事热红外伪装等领域的应用研究进展.指出了设计新型高效的功能化离子液体对于提高相变材料储能密度的重要作用,揭示了离子液体相变潜热与分子间作用力的关系本质,在此基础上提出了从离子液体的分子体积、氢键能、取代基诱导效应、H-π作用以及阴离子电负性等方面的改性入手,进行离子液体相变储热功能强化的科学设计的基本策略,以期为相变材料的科学设计与制备提供新的思路.Phase-change energy storage is an important branch of energy science and technology due to its high latent heat of phase change, stable temperature and heat flux during heat storage and release process. This review analyzed the drawback for traditional phase-change materials （PCMs） at first, such as super cooling, phase separation, low energy density and strong corrosiveness. Then, it is pointed out that functional ionic liquids were regarded as the new high-efficiency energy storage material to substitute the traditional PCMs, because of their unusual thermodynamic properties. Recent progress of ionic liquids being used as phase change materials in the solar thermal storage, building energy conservation, industrial waste heat recovery and infrared camouflage are reviewed. Based on above discussion, a fundamental strategy to construct new functional ionic liquids via controlling and modifying in molecular volume, hydrogen bonding energy, substituent group, H-π bond, anionic electronegativity is proposed and a new way for scientific design and synthesis of PCMs is provided.

关 键 词：相变材料 功能化离子液体 密度泛函理论 

分 类 号：O645.1[理学—物理化学] TB34[理学—化学]