广东省揭西大北山国家森林公园蜘蛛种类及群落多样性研究  

Investigation of diversity and community structure of spider in Dabeishan National Forest Park, Jiexi,~ Guangdong Province

作　　者：邢树文[1] 陈晓枫[1] 王晓妍[1] XING Shu-Wen CHEN Xiao-Feng WANG Xiao-Yan(School of Life Sciences and Food Technology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong Province 521041, P. R. China)

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院生命科学与食品科技学院,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《蛛形学报》2016年第2期101-108,共8页Acta Arachnologica Sinica

摘　　要：蜘蛛是林业生态系统中重要的天敌群落。为了了解广东省揭西大北山蜘蛛群落组成结构和多样性．2013年7-8月，采用拍打与扫网相结合的方法进行采样，对揭西大北山国家森林公园蜘蛛种类和群落结构进行了调查，分析了蜘蛛群落组成与多样性。结果表明：共采集蜘蛛标本1022头，隶属17科，45属，72种，已鉴定蜘蛛标本67种，待鉴定5种。球蛛科、跳蛛科和园蛛科为优势类群，其相对丰度分别为10．15％、16．45％和38．42％。其中，跳蛛科占14属20种，占总属数30．44％，占总物种数的27．78％；园蛛科占9属24种，占总属数的19．57％，占总物种数的33．33％。雌性蜘蛛个体数高于雄性，结网型高于游猎型。Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Weaver指数（H＇）和均匀度指数（J）较高，表明大北山国家森林公园蜘蛛种类丰富，蜘蛛群落结构稳定。Berger-Parker优势度指数（D）体现了该地区跳蛛科和园蛛科的明显优势特征。Spiders are the important natural enemy communities in forestry ecosystems. In order to understand the spider communities in Dabeishan National Forest Park, Jiexi, Guangdong Province, a survey focused on species and the community structure of spider were carded out. Samples were collected in the period from July to August in 2013 using both clapping and sweeping methods. A total of 1 022 samples were collected and subsequently categorized to 17 families, 45 genus and 72 species, including 67 identified mature individuals and 5 spiderlings needed further validation. The dominant groups were Theridiidae, Salticidae and Araneidae, which accounted for 10.15%, 16.45 and 38.42% of total relative abundance, respectively. Among all the species collected, 20 species belonged to 14 genera within Salticidae were identified, which accounted for 30.44% of all the genus and 27.78% of all species. 24 species belonged to genus with Araneidae were identified, which accounted for 19.57% of all the genus and 33.33% of all species. The quantity of the female was higher than the male, and weaving web spiders were more than Hunting or wandering spiders. The higher Margalef richness index, Shannon-Weaver index and Pielou Evenness index indicated the rich diversity and stable community structure of spiders in Dabeishan National Forest Park. Berger-Parker dominance index（D） reflected the significantly dominant characteristic of Saltieidae and Araneidae in the region.

关 键 词：揭西大北山国家森林公园 蜘蛛群落 多样性 

分 类 号：Q959.226[生物学—动物学]