高压空气爆破技术装备研发及应用  

Research and development and application of high pressure air blasting technology and equipment

作　　者：汪开旺 Wang Kaiwang(Shenyang Research Institute, China Coal Technology and Engineering Group, Fushun 113122, China State Key Lab of Coal Mine Safety Technology, Fushun 113122, China)

机构地区：[1]煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司,辽宁抚顺113122 [2]煤矿安全技术国家重点实验室,辽宁抚顺113122

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2016年第12期136-140,共5页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金："十三五"国家科技重大专项资助项目(2016ZX05045-004-004)

摘　　要：为解决低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采率低的问题,提出了高压空气爆破煤体增透新技术,利用高压空气突然释放形成的爆破冲击波冲击煤体,使原始煤体产生裂隙和拓展原有裂隙形成裂隙网络,从而有效地增加煤层透气性;同时研发了高压空气爆破成套装备,并阐述了高压空气爆破煤体增透工艺。在丁集煤矿井下试验结果表明:高压空气爆破后钻孔瓦斯涌出自然衰减系数降低了94%,多孔瓦斯抽采纯量提高了1.41倍,煤层透气性系数增加50倍以上,高压空气爆破能够增加煤层透气性,大幅增加煤层瓦斯的涌出量与抽采量,改善煤层瓦斯抽采效果。In order to solve the low gas drainage rate of the low permeability seam, a new technology to improve the permeability with high pressure air blasting in the seam was provided. The blasting wave formed with the high pressure air sudden released was applied to blast the seam,thus the in-situ seam would have the cracks occurred and the available cracks would be developed to be a crack network. Therefore the seam permeability was effectively improved. The high pressure air blasting completed equipment was researched and developed. The paper stated the seam permeability improved technique with the high pressure air blasting. The underground mine experiment results of Dingji Mine showed that after the high pressure air blasting conducted, the natural attenuation coefficient of the borehole gas emission was reduced by 94% ,the pure volume of the gas drainage from multi boreholes was improved by 1.41 times and the seam permeability coefficient was increased over 50 times. The high pressure air blasting could improve the seam permeability, could highly increase the seam gas emission volume and gas drainage volume and could improve the gas drainage effect.

关 键 词：低透气性 高压空气爆破 致裂机理 煤层增透 瓦斯抽采 

分 类 号：TD235.38[矿业工程—矿井建设]