蚌埠市初冬季节地表灰尘氮磷形态及空间分布特征  

Form and spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the urban dust in the early winter days in Bengbu City,Anhui

作　　者：朱兰保[1] 盛蒂[1] 戚晓明[1] 朱丽娟[1] 张海龙[1] ZHU Lan-bao SHENG Di QI Xiao-ming ZHU Li-juan ZHANG Hai-long(Department of Applied Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, Chin)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠学院应用化学与环境工程系,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第6期342-347,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41001292);国家星火计划项目(2015GA710068);安徽高等学校省级自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2016A459)

摘　　要：为了解蚌埠市地表灰尘中氮磷形态及空间分布特征,于2015年11月在不同功能区采集30份地表灰尘样品,采用化学提取方法测得氨态氮(NH_4^+-N)、硝态氮(NO_3^--N)、总氮(TN)、易交换态磷(ExP)、铝结合态磷(Al-P)、铁结合态磷(Fe-P)、闭蓄态磷(Oc-P)、钙结合态磷(Ca-P)、碎屑磷(De-P)和有机磷(Or-P),并对不同形态氮磷的空间分布特征、相关关系进行分析。结果表明,蚌埠市初冬季节地表灰尘中氮的主要形态为有机态氮(Or-N),占TN质量分数的91.85%;磷的主要形态为无机磷(IP),占总磷(TP)质量分数的96.36%。Or-N空间分布相对均匀,TN次之,而NH_4^+-N和NO_3^--N空间异质性明显;磷的空间分布差异性从大到小排序为Or-P、Fe-P、Al-P、Oc-P、Ca-P、DeP、TP、Ex-P。各种形态的氮磷均属于强变异,空间分布差异性较大,外界环境对其存在有强烈的干扰作用。TP空间分布比TN更趋于均匀。不同功能区地表灰尘氮磷质量比分析表明,公园绿地和商业区地表灰尘中氮磷质量比较高,居民区和文教区次之,交通区和工业区质量比较低。The paper is to dedicate the form and spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the early winter days of Bengbu City, Anhui. For this purpose, we have collected 30 kinds of urban dust samples from the 6 different functional areas of the city in the early winter days in 2015 and made an explorative analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the urban areas of the city. The above mentioned six different functional urban areas include the industrial districts, the traffic districts, the commercial districts, residential districts, the cultural districts and the park green space areas, etc. What is more, we have managed to measure and analyze the content of ammonia nitrogen （ NHf - N）, nitrate nitrogen （ NO3 -N）, total nitrogen （TN）, and exchangeable P （Ex- P）, as well as Al-bound P （ A1 - P）, Fe-bound P （ Fe - P）, occluded P （ Oc - P）, Ca-bound P （ Ca - P）, detrital apatite P （ De - P） and organic P （ Or - P） with the sequential extraction methods. Furthermore, we have also made identification and determination of the spatial distribution and the correlation of nitrogen and phosphorus forms based on the data disclosed. The results of our exploration show that total nitrogen （TN） is mainly composed of organic nitrogen （ Or - N） whereas total phosphorus （TP） chiefly consists of inorganic phosphorus （IP） in the urban dust in the said period. And, in terms of proportion, organic nitrogen has been found accounting for 91.85% of TN, while IP to TP stands for 96. 36%. Seeing that the spatial distribution of organic nitro, gen tends to be relatively uniform with TN being the second, and it would be obvious to find the spatial heterogeneity of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. In addition, the spatial distribution of phosphorus varieties has been found in the descending order below, that is, Or - P 〉 Fe - P 〉 Al - P 〉 Oc - P 〉 Ca - P 〉 De P 〉 TP 〉 Ex - P. Besides, since the spatial dist

关 键 词：环境学 地表灰尘 氮磷形态 营养元素 非点源 蚌埠市 

分 类 号：X501[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X821