低空慢速小目标探测与定位技术研究  

Research on detecting and locating technology of LSS-UAV

作　　者：李菠[1] 孟立凡[1] 李晶[1] 刘春美[2] 黄广炎[3] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学电子测试技术国防科技重点实验室,山西太原030051 [2]公安部第一研究所,北京100048 [3]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国测试》2016年第12期64-69,共6页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：公安部预研项目(2015JZYYY01)

摘　　要：城市大型集会、活动中安保工作的一大主要任务是防止恐怖分子利用航模等低空慢速小型飞行器进行破坏活动，由于城市环境的复杂性以及低空慢速小目标（以下简称“低慢小”）的特殊性，像雷达等传统的探测方法很难准确探测定位。针对这一难题，设计基于激光探测技术的低慢小探测与定位系统。系统包含激光脉冲发射、雪崩光电二极管偏置、弱光信号处理和计时电路等主要结构。利用标准时基发生器对计时电路进行验证，采用线性拟合方法使时间测量的精度达到10-10量级。经过试验测试，该系统能够在近距离范围内对低慢小进行快速定位，0—100m距离范围内测距误差为±0．6m；0-60m高度范围内测高误差为±0．6m；0～35km／h速度范围内测速误差为±1．3km／h。How to put an end to the terrorist＇s destructive activities with the help of LSS-UAV, such as a model aircraft, more efficiency is the key point of our security task at the urban large gatherings or large -scale events. The traditional detection methods such as radar are very difficult to detect and locate the target accurately, due to the complexity of urban environment and the particularity of low altitude,slow speed,small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle （LSS-UAV in abbreviate）. This paper studies LSS-UAV detection and positioning system based on laser detection technology. The main structures of the system include the laser pulse emission, the avalanche photodiode bias, the weak light signal processing, the timing circuit and so on. A standard base generator has been used to verify the timing circuit, and adopt the linear fitting method to make the accuracy of time measurement for 10-10. Experiments prove that the system is able to locate LSS- UAV accurately. In the range of 0-100m distance, ranging measurement error is ＋0.6m; In the range of 0-60 m height, height measurement error is ＋0.6 m; in the range of 0-35 km/h speed, velocity measurement error is ＋1.3 km/h.

关 键 词：低慢小目标 城市环境 激光探测技术 微弱光电信号处理 

分 类 号：TN957.51[电子电信—信号与信息处理]