苦参生物碱和黄酮体外抑菌活性比较  

Comparison of in vitro antibacterial activity of alkaloids and flavonoids of Sophora flavescens Ait.

作　　者：黄琦 屈玟珊 高世军[2] 马俊琳[1] 刘龙元[3] 徐麟[1] 马鸿雁[1] HUANG Qi Qu Wenshan GAO Shijun MA Junlin LIU Longyuan XU Lin MA Hongyan(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006,China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528453, China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学中药学院,广东广州510006 [2]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006 [3]广东药科大学医药化工学院,广东中山528453

出　　处：《广东药学院学报》2016年第5期577-581,共5页Academic Journal of Guangdong College of Pharmacy

基　　金：清华信息科学与技术国家重点实验室项目(44548071);广东省科技计划项目(2014A020212416);广东药学院2013年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201310573004)

摘　　要：目的探讨苦参生物碱、黄酮及其单体（苦参碱、氧化苦参碱、苦参酮、槐属二氢黄酮G、5-methylKushenol C、三叶豆紫檀苷和高丽槐素）对不同菌株的体外抑菌作用。方法采用96孔板微量稀释法测定药物的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）;薄层色谱-直接生物自显影法测定药物的抑菌检测限（LOD）;纸片扩散法测定苦参黄酮单体的抑菌圈直径大小。结果苦参总生物碱、总黄酮对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值范围分别为4.95-31.64 mg/mL和7.50-31.64 mg/mL,对大肠埃希菌的MIC值范围分别为1-4 mg/mL和1-4 mg/mL。苦参生物碱单体对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的LOD值均大于10μg;黄酮单体对金黄色葡萄球菌的LOD值为1.3-2.5μg,对大肠埃希菌的LOD值小于1.3μg。各黄酮单体中,槐属二氢黄酮G抑菌作用最强,其次是苦参酮和高丽槐素,三叶豆紫檀苷无抑制作用。结论对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌,苦参总黄酮及单体的抑菌效果均优于苦参总生物碱及其单体。Objective To study in vitro antibacterial activity of alkaloids,flavonoids and their monomers（ matrine,oxymatrine,kurarinone,sophoraflavanone G,5-methyl-kushenol C,trifolirhizin and maackiain） of Sophora flavescens Ait. Methods Broth microdilution method with 96-well plate was used to determine MICs of extracts of Sophora flavescens Ait. The limit of detection（ LOD） against different bacteria was determined by thin-layer chromatography（ TLC）-direct bioautography. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the diameters of inhibition zone of flavonoid constituents. Results MICs of tatal alkaloids and total flavonoids against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were 4. 95 - 31. 64 mg/mL,7. 50 - 31. 64 mg/mL,1 - 4mg/mL,and 1 - 4 mg/mL,respectively. The LODs of alkaloid monomers against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were both more than 10 μg,while flavonoid monomers＇ were 1. 3 - 2.5 μg and less than 1.3μg,respectively. Sophoraflavanone G had the strongest antibacterial activity against the testing bacteria among all flavonoid monomers,followed by Kurarinone and Maackiain,while Trifolirhizin had no antibacterial activity. Conclusion The total flavonoids and flavonoid monomers of Sophora flavescens had a stronger antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli than tatal alkaloids and alkaloid monomers.

关 键 词：苦参 生物碱 黄酮 微量稀释法 薄层色谱-直接生物自显影 纸片扩散法 抑菌作用 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学]