天然多糖类纳米凝胶药物载体的研究进展  

Recent Advances in Natural Polysaccharide Nanogels for Drug Delivery

作　　者：廖美红[1,2] 石锐[3,4] 张立群[1,2] LIAO Mei-hong SHI Rui ZHANG Li-qun(Beijing laboratory of biological materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing 100035, China Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China Beijing Key Laboratory of the Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing 100029, China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学北京生物材料实验室,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学北京新型高分子材料制备与加工重点实验室,北京100029 [3]北京市创伤骨科研究所,北京100035 [4]北京积水潭医院北京大学第四临床医院,北京100035

出　　处：《高分子通报》2016年第12期1-9,共9页Polymer Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(51303014);北京市自然科学基金(2061002)重点资助项目;北京市科技新星计划(Z131102000413015)资助项目

摘　　要：天然多糖具有来源广泛、价格低廉、良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性等特点,被广泛应用于药物载体研究。天然多糖纳米凝胶内部交联网络结构能有效提高药物的稳定性,且自身带有大量的活性官能团,可以被修饰上靶向配体或者对病灶环境敏感的基团,使药物顺利到达靶向细胞,从而实现药物的可控释放,在提高药效的同时降低药物的毒副作用。该综述介绍了天然多糖类纳米凝胶作为药物载体的研究进展,包括壳聚糖、右旋糖酐、普鲁兰多糖、海藻酸盐、透明质酸以及肝素等天然多糖纳米凝胶用于环境响应药物可控释放和靶向药物治疗的研究状况,并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。Natural polysaccharide nanogels have remarkable research value and a great deal of potential to the treatment of cancer, due to the excellent advantages, including a wide range of sources, low price, good biocompatibility and biodegradability et al. Furthermore, the internal structure of the crosslinked network in it can effectively improve the stability of the drug. It can also be modified with some targeting ligands or environmentally sensitive groups making the deliver drug to reach the target tissues and cells successfully, leading to the controllable release of drugs and thus to improve efficacy and reduce side effects of drugs. Actually, the properties of these natural polysaccharide nanogels are different, so the comprehensive utilization of their advantage should be advocated. In this review, we focus on the natural polysaccharide nanogels served as a drug carrier for cancer treatment, mainly including the environment-responsive studies and targeted drug delivery of chitosan, dextran, pullulan, alginates, hyaluronic acid, heparin et al. Furthermore, the trends of natural polysaccharide nanogels and their application prospect in terms of cancer treatment were summarized at the end of this review. For example, the structure stability and biocompatibility of natural polysaccharide nanogels can be improved by co-polymerizing with synthetic macromolecule. Moreover, it is urgent to develop a size-controllable synthesis protocol to obtain natural polysaccharide nanogels, which may increase the drug loading capacity. Although a great many of studies on the natural polysaccharide nanogels for drug delivery system, some problem, such as how to improve the stimulus response speed, drug loading efficiency as well as targeted drug delivery still need to be solved. In the future, it is necessary to develop more flexible targeting ligands to decorate the natural polysaccharide nanogels for the specific recognition target tumor cells, as well as introduce some functional organic groups which are sensitive to pH or glutat

关 键 词：纳米凝胶 生物可降解 天然多糖 药物载体 靶向治疗 

分 类 号：TQ427.26[化学工程] TQ460.4