STS标记鉴定河南历史主推小麦品种春化光周期基因及与品种冬春性的相关性  

Characteristics of Vernalization Gene and Photoperiod Gene and Their Relationship with Winter Hardness Revealed by STS Markers

作　　者：曹雯梅[1] 刘述忠[1] 杨青华[2] 张文超[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院,郑州451450 [2]河南农业大学,郑州450002 [3]河南大学,开封475000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2016年第1期117-124,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目(KSZD-EW-Z-002-001-2)资助

摘　　要：为了解河南小麦栽培历史上主推小麦品种春化及光周期基因种类及分布特点,采用STS分子标记鉴定了河南小麦栽培历史上主推的43个品种的4种春化基因Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1、Vrn-D1、Vrn-B3和1个光周期基因Ppd-D1位点的显隐性。结果表明:Vrn-A1、Vrn-B3基因位点均为隐性,Vrn-B1和Vrn-D1显性基因频率分别为7.0%、51.1%,光周期显性基因Ppd-D1a频率为93.0%,研究结果说明河南历史上主推的小麦品种中,隐性春化基因和光周期不敏感的显性基因占主导。鉴定结果还表明,43份品种的春化基因与光周期基因组合有4类,第一类为vrn-A1+Vrn-B1+vrn-D1+vrn-B3+Ppd-D1a;第二类为vrn-A1+vrn-B1+Vrn-D1+vrn-B3+Ppd-D1a;第三类为vrn-A1+vrn-B1+vrn-B3+Vrn-D1+Ppd-D1b;第四类为vrn-A1+vrn-B1+vrn-B3+vrn-D1+Ppd-D1a,其所占频率依次为:7.0%、44.2%、7.0%、41.9%。春性品种至少携带一个显性春化基因Vrn-B1或Vrn-D1,且其光周期基因一定是光周期不敏感基因Ppd-D1a;冬性品种的4个春化基因位点均为隐性或仅含显性春化基因Vrn-D1,光周期敏感的隐性基因Ppd-D1b只在冬性品种中检出。通过鉴定小麦春化基因及光周期基因,我们明确了河南小麦栽培历史上主推品种的春化和光周期基因的种类、组成特点及品种演变趋势,对改良小麦品种适应性具有重要参考价值。To understand the c haracterizations and distributions of vernalization and photoperiod genes in the historically popular wheat cultivars in Henan, 43 representative wheat cultivars were selected to identify allelic variations of vernalization and photoperiod genes at the Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1, Vrn-B3 and Ppd-D1 loci by STS markers. The results showed that all of the cultivars possessed recessive alleles at the Vrn-A1 and Vrn-B3 loci, and the frequencies of dominant alleles are 7.0% at the Vrn-B1 locus, 51.1% at the Vrn-D1 locus and 93.0% at the Ppd-D1 locus. It suggests that the recessive alleles of vernalization gene and dominant alleles of photoperiod gene are predominant in He'nan historically popular wheat cultivars. Four allelic combinations of vernalization and photoperiod genes could be discovered in 43 representative cultivars surveyed, i.e. vrn-A1 +Vrn-B1 +vrn-D1 +vrn-B3+Ppd-D1 a, vrn-A1+vrn-B1+Vrn-D1+vrn-B3+Ppd-D1 a, vrn-A1+vrn-B1+vrn-B3+Vrn-D1+Ppd-D1 b, vrn-A1+vrn-B1 +vrn-B3 +vrn-D1 +Ppd-D1 a, and their percentages are 7.0%, 44.2%, 7.0%, 41.9%, respectively. Results indicated that springness cultivars possessed at least one dominant Vrn-B1 or Vrn-D1 genes as well as Ppd-D1 a allele, and winterness cultivars possessed all recessive alleles or only dominant Vrn-D1 allele at the four vernalization and photoperiod loci as well as Ppd-D1 b. This study illustrated the molecular characterization of vernalization and photoperiod genes in He'nan historically popular wheat cultivars and could be useful for improvement of wheat adaptability in He'nan wheat breeding program.

关 键 词：小麦 春化基因 光周期基因 春性 冬性 STS分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]