套作大豆苗期抗倒伏性评价方法研究  

Study on Evaluation Method for Lodging Resistance of the Intercropping Soybean at Seedling Stage

作　　者：刘卫国[1] 邓榆川[1] 方萍[1] 邹俊林[1] 杨文钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2016年第3期773-779,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31201170);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB100402);四川省育种攻关项目(2011N-20098-4)共同资助

摘　　要：在玉米大豆套作模式中,苗期倒伏严重影响大豆产量。为建立套作大豆苗期抗倒伏性评价方法,本研究以30个大豆品种(品系)为材料,对抗倒评价指标和方法进行筛选。结果表明,在套作下,供试的30个大豆材料在播种后35 d,即发生不同程度的倒伏,倒伏率38.46%~86.23%,品种间差异显著;通常用于评价净作大豆抗倒性的重力矩与套作大豆苗期实际倒伏率相关性不显著,不能用于评价其抗倒能力;而由植株主茎长、茎粗、茎秆抗折力和地上部生物量4个因子组成的抗倒伏指数[(茎秆抗折力×茎粗)/(地上部干重×主茎长)],与套作大豆苗期实际倒伏率相关系数最大(r=-0.946),能够准确反映其抗倒性差异,适合于评价套作大豆苗期的抗倒伏能力。通径分析结果表明,以上组成因子对抗倒伏指数作用由大到小(绝对值)依次为抗折力>主茎长>地上部干重>茎粗,说明要提高套作大豆的抗倒性,应该首选茎秆强度大、主茎短的大豆品种。本研究为套作大豆的苗期抗性评价提供了有效方法,对大豆抗倒伏育种以及评价品种间的抗倒性具有指导意义。In the maize-soybean intercropping,the yield of soybean was affected by lodging at seedling stage.In order to establish a method of judging and evaluating lodging resistance in the intercropping system,thirty varieties were used to screen lodging resistant index.Results showed that,under the intercropping system,lodging of all the thirty soybean varieties occurred at 35 days after sowing at different degrees.The lodging rate was 38.46%~86.23%and there were significant differences among different varieties.The gravitational torque,which was used to evaluate the lodging resistance of sole planting soybean,was not related with the actual lodging rate of intercropping soybean.Thus,it was unsuitable for evaluating the lodging resistance of intercropping soybean.The comprehensive evaluation system [(snapping resistance×stem diameter) /(above-ground dry weight×main stem length)] was negatively correlated(r=-0.946) with actual lodging rate at 35 days after sowing.Therefore,it was suitable for the evaluation of lodging resistance of intercropping soybean.Path analysis showed that,the order of correlation coefficient(absolute value) among above four composition factors and lodging resistant index was snapping resistance >main stem length>aboveground dry weight>stem diameter,representing that the soybean varieties with high stem strength and short main stem should be chosen in priority in order to improve lodging resistance.These research would provide an effective evaluation method for intercropping soybean lodging at seedling,and would be the guiding significance for soybean lodging breeding and lodging evaluation among different soybean varieties.

关 键 词：大豆 套作 倒伏 抗倒伏 评价方法 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]