贵州黎平杂边禾突变体dss-1光合生理特性与保护酶活性研究  

The Photosynthetic Characteristics and Protect Enzyme Activity of a Small Grain and Dwarf Mutant dss-1 of Lipingzabianhein Guizhou Local Rice Cultivar

作　　者：陈锡[1] 曾晓芳 赵德刚 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院农业生物工程研究院山地植物资源保护与种质创新省部共建教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省山地生态与农业生物工程2011协同创新中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2016年第6期1602-1608,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：贵州省科技重大专项(黔科合重大专项字[2012]6005号)资助

摘　　要：为探讨经EMS处理后获得的贵州黎平杂边禾小粒矮秆突变体dss-1(dwarf small seed-1)表观性状和生理生化变化,我们观测了突变体的农艺性状,测定了保护酶活性,并以LI-6400XT光合系统进行了光合生理特性分析。结果表明,与野生型相比,dss-1突变体表现出植株矮化、株型直立、叶色深绿、第二节间极度缩短、籽粒小而圆、穗长增加等性状。该突变体成熟期的光合速率(8.9μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))和叶绿素含量(4.8 mg/g FW)比野生型(光合速率为6.7μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),叶绿素含量为3.0 mg/g FW)高24.72%和37.5%;分蘖期突变体光合速率(18.7μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))和叶绿素含量(5.7 mg/g FW)比野生型(光合速率是16.8μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)和叶绿素含量是4.5 mg/g FW)增加了10.16%、21.05%。突变体dss-1的初始荧光产量(Fo)是175.1,最大光合效率(Fv/Fm)为0.79,比野生型(Fo为141.01,Fv/Fm为0.78)高19.50%和1.3%,电子传递速率(ETR)、PSII的光化学效率(ΦPSII)和光化学淬灭(q P)分别是96.73、0.16、0.71,均低于野生型(ETR是106.13、ΦPSII是0.20及q P是0.75)。dss-1突变体MDA含量为0.90 nmol/mg(FW),比野生型增加58%,差异达到极显著水平。说明dss-1突变基因与该突变体生理生化变化和表型特征具有一定相关性。To explore apparent traits and the physiological and biochemical differences of a small seed and dwarf mutant dss-1 was identified from Guizhou lipingzabianhe which seeds were treated by ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS), we observed the dss-1 mutant agronomic traits and determined to protect activity, photosynthetic physiological characteristics in dss-1 mutant were analyzed using LI-6400 photosynthetic system. The results showed that dss-1 exhibited dwarf, plant-type erect, little dark green leaves, shorter the second internode, small and round grains, spike length longer. The net photosynthetic rate(8.9 μmol·m-2·s-1) and the chlorophyll content(5.7 mg/g FW) in the dss-1 mutant were increased 24.72% and 37.5% compared with wild type(The net photosynthetic rate 6.7 μmol·m-2·s-1, the chlorophyll content 3.0 mg/g FW) at mature stage; the net photosynthetic rate(18.7 μmol·m-2·s-1) and the chlorophyll content(4.8 mg/g FW) in the dss-1 mutant were 10.16% and 21.05%compared with wild type(The net photosynthetic rate was 8.9 μmol·m-2·s-1and the chlorophyll content was 5.7 mg/g FW) at tillering stage. The initial fluorescence yield(Fo) was 175.1 and the maximum photosynthetic efficiency(Fv/Fm) of dss-1 mutant were 19.50% and 1.3% compared with wild type(Fo was 141.01, Fv /Fm was 0.78), electron transport rate(ETR), photochemical efficiency of PSII(ΦPSⅡ) and photochemical quenching(q P) were 96.73,0.16, 0.71, they were decreased compared with wild type(106.13, 0.20, 0.75). The MAD content was 0.90 nmol/mg(FW), it was 58% compared with wild type constantly. The dwarf mutant gene can have some relevance with the dss-1 mutant physiological and biochemical differences and phenotype characteristics.

关 键 词：水稻 dss-1突变体 光合生理特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]