鸡mtDNA D-loop区单倍型簇频率与中国家鸡多母系起源研究  

The Frequencies of Chicken mtDNA D-loop Haplotype Clades and Multiple Maternal Origins of Chinese Domestic Chicken

作　　者：梁勇[1,2,3] 康乐[2,4] 崔建勋[2,4] 吕雪梅[5] 杨宁[3] 张细权[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省家禽科学研究所,广州510520 [2]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广州510642 [3]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [4]广东省农业科学院农业经济与农村发展研究所,广州510640 [5]中国科学院北京基因组研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2016年第12期2342-2353,共12页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：基金项目:国家肉鸡产业技术体系分子育种岗位(CARS-42-G05)

摘　　要：本研究旨在通过分析家鸡和原鸡D-loop区单倍型簇的区域性分布和频率揭示中国家鸡多母系起源的区域和传播途径。通过对1 347条鸡D-loop序列进行完全对比排序,共发现198种单倍型,聚成12个单倍型簇。分析结果显示,海岛型红色原鸡与家鸡和大陆型红色原鸡有明显差异;苏门答腊大陆型红色原鸡作为独立分支,也体现出与东南亚大陆型红色原鸡的区别。单倍型簇频率分析显示,Clade C代表的母系可能更早在东南亚及云南等地驯化并对我国南方家鸡形成产生影响,但并非直接由云南引入我国,应该另有途径;Clade D代表的母系可能更早在山东及河南一带驯化繁衍,后引入四川,并在四川开始大规模繁育饲养,此后向周边区域传播扩散,成为中国家鸡重要母系来源。本研究结果进一步支持了我国家鸡多母系起源的论断,并指出东南亚是我国南方家鸡重要的母系来源;同时,河南和山东一带也可能是我国家鸡起源的区域之一。The present study aimed to explain the domestication regions of Chinese chicken and its genetic propagation by analyzing the distribution and frequencies of D-loop haplotype clades of do- mestic chicken and wild red jungle fowls. The results showed that 198 haplotypes gained by se- quencing 1 347 mtDNA D-loop fragments were clustered into 12 clades. Cluster analysis indicated that the island-type red jungle fowls （G. g. bankiva） were significantly different from domestic chicken and continental red jungle fowls （G. g. gallouse） of Southeast Asian, and that continen- tal red jungle fowls （G. g. spdiceus） in Sumatra Island were independently branched from those of Southeast Asian. The distribution and frequencies analysis of haplotype clades indicated that the early domestic chicken with maternal blood presented by Clade C could origin from Southeast Asian and its surroundings（including Yunnan）, but was not directly introduced into China via Yunnan. The maternal blood presented by Clade D could be domesticated in Shandong, Henan and its surroundings at early age, and then was introduced into Sichuan. From then on, the ma- ternal blood began to reproduce on a large scale, propagated to surroundings, and became an im- portant genetic source of Chinese domestic chicken. The present study can be an additional evi- dence to support the inference that Chinese domestic chicken have multiple maternal origins, and also indicate that Southeast Asian is an important original region of chickens in South China. In addition, Henan, Shandong and its surroundings are also important domestication regions of Chi- nese chicken.

关 键 词：家鸡 MTDNA D-LOOP区 单倍型 聚类分析 频率 起源 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]