选择性磷酸沉淀分离铬铁的新工艺  

A new process for separation of chromium from iron by selective phosphate precipitation

作　　者：徐志峰[1] 剧智华 月日辉[1] 王成彦[2] 袁文辉[3] 杨卜[3] 

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学冶金与化学工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京矿冶研究总院冶金研究设计所,北京100070

出　　处：《有色金属科学与工程》2016年第6期19-24,共6页Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2012AA06A110);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51464018);江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划项目(20142BCB22005)

摘　　要：针对酸性水溶液中铬铁分离难题,基于Fe^(3+)还原预处理,提出选择性磷酸沉淀铬分离铬铁的方法.研究沉淀剂Na_3PO_4用量、溶液初始pH值、反应温度及保温时间等对铬铁分离的影响,所得较优工艺条件为:溶液初始pH值为2.0,按PO_4^(3-)/Cr^(3+)摩尔比0.375的量加入Na_3PO_4,90℃保温60 min.在上述条件下,铬沉淀率可达98.53%,铁沉淀率仅1.42%,分离效果理想.实验还证明,此方法适用于较宽的铁浓度范围,而且Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Ni^(2+)及Cl^-等杂质离子对选择性沉铬无明显干扰.此方法为含铬物料的铬分离提取提供一条新的可选途径.The selective phosphate precipitation process is proposed for the effective Cr/Fe separation in acidic solutions after the pretreatment of Fe3＋reduction. The effects of dosage of Na3PO4 as the precipitant, the initial pH, reaction temperature and time on Cr/Fe separation are experimentally studied. The optimal conditions are determined as follows： initial pH of 2.0, PO43-/Cr^3＋molar ratio of 0.375, reaction temperature of 90 ℃, reaction time of 60 min. Under the above conditions, the precipitation of Cr is achieved as 98.53 %while that of Fe is only 1.42 %. This new process is proved to be applicable to a wide range of Fe concentration of the solutions and the impurities, such as Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋, Ni^2＋and Cl-have no obvious effects on the selective precipitation of Cr, which provides a new alternative process for the separation and resourcelization of Cr from Cr-containing materials.

关 键 词：铬铁分离 磷酸沉淀 选择性沉铬 铬回收 

分 类 号：TF803.23[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF111.31