南京市PM_(2.5)中重金属污染特征分析及健康风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM_(2.5) in Nanjing

作　　者：陆喜红[1] 吴丽娟[1] 任兰[1] 叶瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京市环境监测中心站,南京210013

出　　处：《四川环境》2016年第6期115-119,共5页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：南京市环保局环保科研项目(201307)

摘　　要：自2013年12月至2014年11月,采集了南京市大气颗粒物PM_(2.5)样品共计56个,分析了As、Cd、Cr、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cu和Mn这8种重金属元素的含量及污染特征,并应用美国环保局推荐的健康风险评价模型,对其通过呼吸途径引起的人体健康风险进行了初步评价。结果表明,南京市大气PM_(2.5)质量浓度呈现明显季节特征,冬季>秋季>春季>夏季,全年均值为86μg/m3,超我国年均二级标准的1.4倍。PM_(2.5)中8种元素浓度排序为:Zn>Pb>Mn>Cu>Cr>As>Ni>Cd,As均值超标77%,其他未超。4种致癌重金属(As、Cd、Cr、Ni)及4种非致癌重金属(Pb、Zn、Cu、Mn)中,Cr对人体健康具有很高的潜在性危害,其他7种重金属的风险可忽略,不会对暴露人群构成明显的危害。56 samples of atmospheric PM2.5 in Nanjing were collected, from December 2013 to November 2014. The concentrations of 8 heavy metals （ As, Cd, Cr, Ni, lab, Zn, Cu, Mn） were determined, and the health risk of them were evaluated using the US EPA risk assessment model. The results showed that the mass concentration of PM2.5 had appeared the apparent seasonal characteristics and was ranged between 28 and 259 μg/m^3 with the annual average value of 86 μg/m^3, 1.4 times exceeding the limiting value 35μg/m^3 of the national standard II. The heavy metal concentrations decreased in the following order： Zn 〉 Pb 〉 Mn 〉 Cu 〉 Cr 〉 As 〉 Ni 〉 Cd, with As exceeding the limiting value77%. The health risks of As, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mn in PM2. 5 via breathing exposure were all within the acceptable ranges, while Cr could be health risk.

关 键 词：南京 PM2.5 重金属 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]