木质纤维素降解菌剂DN-1促进堆肥腐熟度的评估  

Evaluation on the maturity of the compost promoted by lignocellulose degradation inoculum DN-1

作　　者：徐杰[1] 许修宏[1] 门梦琪 贺宁[1] 代彦菲 张莹[1] XU Jie XU Xiu-hong MEN Meng-qi HE Ning DAI Yan-fei ZHANG Ying(College of Resources and Environmen- tal Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin Heilongjiang 150030)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2016年第6期146-151,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31272484;31372351);黑龙江省教育厅基金(12531021);东北农业大学博士启动基金(2012RCB34)

摘　　要：为提高堆肥中木质纤维素降解效率,促进堆肥腐熟进程,主要采用红外光谱法(FTIR),同时结合堆肥温度、种子发芽率及木质纤维素含量变化,研究了添加木质纤维素降解菌剂DN-1对堆肥腐熟的促进作用。结果表明,加入菌剂使堆肥在45℃以上高温期持续20 d,比自然堆肥高温期延长6 d;堆肥结束时,添加菌剂堆肥的种子发芽指数为93.3%,自然堆肥仅为56.7%;菌剂堆肥中木质素、纤维素和半纤维素的降解率分别为42.54%、62.57%和67.14%,分别高出自然堆肥14.33、31.31、19.57个百分点。红外光谱变化反映了堆肥过程中木质纤维素、多糖、脂肪和酰胺等成分的减少及芳香结构成分的增加,为菌剂DN-1促进堆肥中有机成分的转化和腐熟进程提供了有力的直接证据。菌剂DN-1具有很好地促进堆肥中木质纤维素降解和提高堆肥腐熟度的潜力,可以将其进一步应用于较大规模的堆肥处理。In order to enhance the degradation rate of lignocellulose in compost and accelerate the ferment process, the pro-motion of compost maturity by lignocellulose degradation inoculum DN-1 was investigated using the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （ FTIR） analysis together with the determination of compost temperature, germination index and lignocellulose content. The results showed that the thermophilic phases, i. e. the period with temperature higher than 45℃, of inocula-ted compost lasted 20 days, which was 6 days longer than the natural compost. The germination index of inoculated compost was 93. 3% and it was only 56. 7% in the natural compost when the fermentation was finished. The degradation rate of lig-nin, cellulose and hemicellulose of the inoculated compost were 42. 54%, 62. 57% and 67. 14%, which increased by 14. 33%, 31. 31% and 19. 57% respectively compared with the control at the end of compost. The changes of infrared spectrum reflected the decrease of lignocellulose, polysaccharide and aliphatic compound and the increase of aromatic struc-ture, which provided a strong direct evidence for the promotion of organic components transformation and the ferment process by inoculum DN-1. It was predicted that inoculum DN-1 had promising prospects of being applied to compost in larger scale.

关 键 词：农业废弃物 堆肥 木质纤维素降解菌 腐熟度评估 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]