关于煤矿下山巷道掘进全断面一次爆破若干技术问题研究  

Research on Several Technical Problems of Whole Section Primary Blasting in Diphead Roadway of Coalmine

作　　者：马宏伟[1] 王梦想[1] 宗琦[1] 汪海波[1] MA Hong - wei WANG Meng - xiang ZONG Qi WANG Hai - bo(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan Anhui 232001, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《安徽理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第5期11-14,共4页Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51274009;51404010;51408006);安徽省科技攻关计划(1501041123)

摘　　要：为解决煤矿下山巷道掘进全断面爆破中普遍存在的炮眼利用率低、巷道成型差、拖底现象严重等问题。在分析其形成原因的基础上,提出宜采用的技术措施,包括优选楔形掏槽方式,增加中心抛渣直眼,优化爆破参数,有选择的采用较大直径的炮眼和药卷,周边眼采用水垫层不耦合装药结构,设置两排底眼,即增加一排用于抛掷岩石的抛渣眼,以及合理安排起爆顺序,采用反向起爆技术,加强炮孔堵塞,使用铁套管防淤等。现场应用情况证明了所研究提出的施工技术和工艺的合理性和实用性。In order to overcome the defects of whole section primary blasting in coal mine diphead roadway, such as low utilization rate of blast - hole, roadway poor shape, bottom serious drag and so on, based on the analysis for the reason of its fromation , appropriate technical measures were put forward including： the wedge cut style, adding direct holes in center for dirt throw out, optimizing the blasting parameters, selective use of larger diame- ter blast - hole and explosive, water cushion uncoupling charging structure for the surrounding holes ; the setting of two rows of bottom holes, namely adding a row of holes for throwing rocks; arranging detonate sequence reasonablely, using reverse initiation technology, strengthening the hole plugging, using iron casing sediment prevention, etc. The insituation application proves that the research on construction technology and process has rationality and practicability.

关 键 词：煤矿下山巷道 全断面一次爆破 楔形抛渣掏槽技术 水垫层装药 抛渣眼 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]