粘土土质下定位施氮对小麦农艺性状及不同土层碱解氮分布的影响  

Effects of Positioning Nitrogen Fertilization on Agronomic Characters of Wheat and Distribution of Alkali Solution Nitrogen in Different Layers of Clay Soil

作　　者：程倩倩 王光禄 王怀恩 冯盛烨 闫树平 孙允超 于洋 赵杨 

机构地区：[1]聊城市农业科学研究院,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2016年第12期107-110,共4页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家小麦产业技术体系聊城综合试验站项目(CARS-3-2);山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队聊城综合试验站项目(SDAIT-01-19)

摘　　要：为探索粘土条件下施氮量对小麦农艺性状的影响及土层中碱解氮的分布情况,研究了定位施氮对聊麦19群体动态、叶面积指数、产量性状的影响,分析了不同时期0~90 cm土层中碱解氮的分布情况。结果表明,在施氮量165~360 kg/hm^2范围内,施氮量的增加提高了小麦分蘖能力和拔节期前的叶面积指数,有效穗数和开花期叶面积指数在施氮量225 kg/hm^2时获得最大值;不同土层的碱解氮含量在不同时期均以0~30 cm土层最高,0~60 cm土层碱解氮含量下降缓慢,拔节期至灌浆期小麦生长发育消耗碱解氮最多;在施氮量225 kg/hm^2时小麦产量最高,达8 646.1 kg/hm^2,不同处理间的产量差异均达显著水平,产量构成因素中,有效穗数的差异均显著。In order to explore the effects of nitrogen rate on agronomic characters of wheat and distribution of alkali solution nitrogen in different layers of clay soil,the effects of nitrogen fertilization on group dynamics,leaf area index and yield characters of Liaomai 19 were studied,and also the distribution of alkali solution nitrogen in 0 ~ 90-cm soil layers in different periods. The results showed that the wheat tillering ability and leaf area index before jointing stage increased with the increase of nitrogen rate in the range of 165 ~ 360 kg / hm^2. The maximum value of effective panicle number and leaf area index at flowering stage were obtained when the nitrogen rate was 255 kg / hm^2. The alkali solution nitrogen content was the highest in 0 ~ 30-cm soil layers at different stages,and decreased slowly in the 0 ~ 60-cm soil layers. The alkali solution nitrogen was consumed the most during the jointing stage to filling stage. The maximum yield as 8 646. 1 kg / hm^2 was obtained at 225 kg / hm^2 of nitrogen rate. The differences between different treatments in yield and effective panicle number reached significant level.

关 键 词：粘土 定位施氮 小麦 农艺性状 碱解氮 

分 类 号：S512.106.2[农业科学—作物学]