大豆雄性不育及杂种优势利用研究进展  

Research Progress of Soybean Male-sterility and Utilizing Heterosis

作　　者：曹芳[1,2] 李志刚[1,2] 李旭新[1,2] 于德彬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028000 [2]内蒙古科尔沁区农业技术推广中心,内蒙古通辽028040

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2016年第34期23-25,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260310);公益性行业(农业)专项(201503001)

摘　　要：大豆是典型的自花授粉农作物,天然异交结实率不到1%。大豆雄性不育利用为大豆杂交育种开启了一扇大门,有效地挖掘了大豆的生产潜力,为大豆产量的提高提供了有效的途径。大豆雄性不育最早在20世纪20年代被发现,现在已挖掘出来的大豆雄性不育材料中,多数是由细胞核基因控制的,少数是由细胞质控制的。我国在选育大豆细胞质雄性不育方面是遥遥领先的。综述了大豆雄性不育的分类和利用杂种优势上所取得的进展,探讨了利用大豆杂种优势中出现的主要问题,展望了大豆雄性不育在杂种优势利用方面的前景。Soybean is a typical self-pollination crop, the rate of natural cross pollination is less than 1%. Soybean male-sterility is used to open a door for soybean cross breeding, the productive potential of soybean is effectively excavated, it provides an effective way to increase the yield of soybean. The very earliest soybean male-sterility was discovered in the 1920s. Among the discovered material, most of the male-sterili- ty is controlled by nuclear genes, the small part is cytoplasmic male-sterility. Under the aspect of selecting and breeding cytoplasmic male-steril- ity materials, China is in the leading position in the world. This paper summarized the latest progress in the development of male-sterility and hybrid utilization of soybean, it analyzed some main problems in the utilization of soybean heterosis and put forward the prospect of discovered male-sterility in utilizing soybean heterosis in future.

关 键 词：大豆 雄性不育 杂种优势 研究进展 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]