天津市规模化畜禽养殖污染现状及减排潜力挖掘  

The Current Pollution Situation and Potential of Emission Reduction for Large-scale Livestock and Poultry Breeding in Tianjin

作　　者：唐丽丽[1] 包景岭[2] 张维[3,4] 高郁杰[3,4] 李燃[3,4] 常文韬[3,4] 温娟[3] 孙静[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学经济管理学院,天津300401 [2]天津市环境保护局,天津300191 [3]天津市环境保护科学研究院,天津300191 [4]天津市联合环保工程设计有限公司,天津300191

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2016年第34期110-113,118,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天津市环保专项(201212);天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(14ZCZDSF00003)

摘　　要：以2014年天津市十大涉农区县规模化畜禽养殖量数据为基础,核算出天津市规模化畜禽养殖典型污染物COD和氨氮的排放量,并运用地理信息系统(GIS)对天津市规模化畜禽养殖污染的区域分布特征进行了分析。基于该市规模化畜禽养殖污染现状,以粪尿处理工艺与排放去向为控减方向,设定了3种控减情景,深度挖掘规模化畜禽养殖污染减排潜力。结果表明:2014年天津市规模化畜禽养殖COD排放量为29 795.20 t,氨氮排放量为1 805.71 t。通过大力推进商品有机肥生产、实现畜禽污水深度处理与资源化利用以及应用生物发酵床养殖技术等控减措施,能够实现近12 424.50 t COD和1 044.24 t氨氮的削减量,污染减排潜力巨大。在此基础上,有针对性地提出了天津市畜禽养殖业污染防治对策与建议,为相关部门进一步开展规模化畜禽养殖污染防治提供参考。The total emissions of COD and NH3 -N are calculated based on the amount in 2014 of livestock and poultry in Tianjin. To apply Geo- graphic Information System （GIS） to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of livestock manure production in Tianjin. Then on the basis of the development status and pollution situation that we analyzed, with the treatment technique and emission direction of animal feces and urine as the control orientation, we set up to three emission reduction scenario to exploit potential of scale Livestock and poultry pollution at depth. ReJ suits indicate that： Tianjin livestock farm emissions 29 795.20 tons of COD and 1 805.71 tons of NH3-N in 2014. The potential of emission re- duction in Tianjin＇ s scale livestock and poultry pollution is tremendous. By taking control measures which include the promotion in commodity organic fertilizer production, depth processing and utilization of sewage and application of fermentation bed cultivation, its annual emissions may be up to 12 424.50 tons of COD and 1 044.24 tons of NH3-N. Based on the above analysis, we put forward pollution prevention countermeasures for the corresponding problems, which provide some references for relevant departments to develop further pollution prevention of scale livestock and poultry.

关 键 词：规模化畜禽养殖 污染现状 减排潜力 天津市 

分 类 号：S181.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]