碳水化合物计数法在妊娠糖尿病患者血糖控制中的应用  

Application of carbohydrate counting in blood glucose control among gestational diabetes patients

作　　者：李飞霏[1] 刘智平[1] 傅仕敏 刘秀容[1] 胡春娟[1] 廖琨[1] 昝利萍[1] 程庆丰[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院内分泌内科,重庆400016

出　　处：《重庆医科大学学报》2016年第11期1137-1141,共5页Journal of Chongqing Medical University

基　　金：重庆医科大学附属第一医院护理基金资助项目(编号:HLJJ2013-17);国家临床重点专科建设资助项目(编号:财社[2011]170号)

摘　　要：目的:研究碳水化合物计数法饮食指导对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖的影响。方法:收集2014年10月至2015年11月本院内分泌科就诊的妊娠糖尿病患者,按随机表顺序分为试验组(n=14)和对照组(n=14)。试验组采用碳水化合物计数法饮食指导,对照组采用食物交换份法饮食指导。比较2组患者在入组后1、3个月空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h postprandial blood glucose,2h PBG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,Hb A1c)、每日胰岛素用量、每日运动时间及次数的变化。结果:(1)入组1个月后,试验组患者2h PBG下降更明显,为(7.01±0.39)mmol/L(P=0.009)。(2)入组3个月后,试验组患者FBG、2h PBG明显降低,分别为(6.81±0.59)mmol/L(P=0.000)、(7.66±0.76)mmol/L(P=0.000)。(3)入组后1、3个月,试验组患者每日运动时间(P=0.010)及次数(P=0.023)均明显高于对照组。结论:碳水化合物计数法有助于妊娠糖尿病患者制定饮食、运动计划,在饮食、运动双重作用下,有效降低血糖。Objective：To study the influence of carbohydrate counting on blood glucose in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）. Methods：Clinical data of patients with GDM in the department of endocrinology from March 2013 to November 2015 were collected. These patients were randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group（n=14）received carbohydrate counting and the control group（n=14）received food exchange portion. The fasting blood glucose（FBG）,2 h postprandial blood glucose（FBG）,glycosylated hemoglobin（Hb A1c）,daily insulin doses,daily exercise time and frequency of changes were measured and compared between two groups after 1 month and 3 months. Results：（1）After 3 months,the FBG in experimental group was decreased obviously（6.81±0.59）mmol/L（P=0.009）.（2）The FBG and 2h PBG in experimental group were obviously decreased（7.01±0.39）mmol/L（P=0.000）and（7.66±0.76）mmol/L（P=0.000）respectively after 3 months.（3）The daily exercise time（P=0.010）and frequency（P =0.023）were significantly improved in the experimental group after 1 month and 3 months. Conclusion：The carbohydrate counting may help GDM patients to make plans of diet and exercise. Blood glucose can be well controlled by both diet and exercise.

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 碳水化合物计数 饮食治疗 血糖 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]