膝关节骨关节炎影像学诊断与步态评估进展  

Progresses of imaging diagnosis and gait analysis of knee osteoarthritis

作　　者：曾小龙[1] 张余[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区广州总医院骨科医院,510010 [2]广州医科大学,511436

出　　处：《中华关节外科杂志（电子版）》2016年第6期78-82,共5页Chinese Journal of Joint Surgery(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2013B010406007,2015B010106005);广州市科技计划项目(2014J4100201,20160402110)

摘　　要：膝关节骨关节炎(KOA)是中老年人群中最常见的慢性关节退行性疾病,可以引起膝关节疼痛,及关节活动功能障碍,严重影响生活质量,其发病率逐年上升。本文主要介绍X线、CT、MRI、超声等影像诊断方法以及步态分析方法在该疾病评估方面的进展。通过文献整理分析发现:常规X线是目前基本的和首选的辅助诊断方法,CT、MRI和超声则在KOA辅助检查方法中发挥着重要的作用,借助三维参数测量系统,步态分析技术将有望用于KOA患者快速辅助诊断和康复指导,甚至结合影像学,为患者制定个体化评估和治疗措施。Knee osteoarthritis （KOA） is the most common chronic degenerative disease of joints in mid-aged and elderly people. KOA causes knee pain and activity joint dysfunction which seriously affects the quality of life. The incidence presents an annual increase. This article briefly introduced the progresses of the evaluation system of gait analysis （GA） and imaging methods for the diagnosis and assessment of KOA, including radiography （ X-ray）, computed tomography （ CT）, magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） and ultrasound （US）. According to the documented data, X-ray remains the preferred method of auxiliary diagnosis for KOA, while CT, MRI and US play an important role in the clinical follow-up. At present, numerous researchers have conducted a series of studies of KOA by gait analysis. With the assistance of three-dimensional motion parameter measurement system, GA will be hopefully used in rehabilitation guidance and clinical rapid diagnosis of KOA patients, thereby playing a more vital role in the selection of treatment and curative effect evaluation in the future.

关 键 词：骨关节炎 膝 步态 放射摄影术 超声检查 磁共振成像 体层摄影术 X线计算机 

分 类 号：R684.3[医药卫生—骨科学]